Physiology of Mouth And Oesophagus Flashcards
Name the 3 pairs of glands which produce saliva.
Paritod (watery saliva), submandibular (watery saliva) and sublingual (mucous saliva).
How much saliva is secreted each day?
Approx 1500ml
What does saliva contain?
Mucous (for food lubrication), alpha-amylase (breakdown carbs) and lysozymes (enzymes for antibacterial action).
True or false: saliva is under neuronal control.
True.
Where are the acinar cells located?
In the salivary duct.
What is saliva?
Isotonic fluid produced by acinar cells and modified by neuronal input as it proceeds through the duct.
What stimulates salivary glands?
The salivatory nucleus which is in turn stimulated by tasteand smell.
Which type of saliva do the PNS and SNS regulate?
PNS: watery saliva rich in amylase and mucus.
SNS: thicker mucous.
What’s another name for swallowing?
Deglutition.
What’s the voluntary stage in swallowing?
We decide when to swallow. Tongue pushes bolous backwards to orthopharynx.
What’s the involuntary stage of swallowing?
The pharyngeal stage. Epiglottis covers the trachea and glottis so food doesn’t go down the wrong way.
What controls the pharyngeal stage of swallowing?
The deglutition centre in the medulla and pons of brain.
Define segmentation.
The contraction of the stomach using circular muscle. Occurs in the small intestine to facilitate mixing of food.
Define peristalsis.
The propulsion of food along the GI tract (using contraction then relaxation of longitudinal muscle).
What are some benefits of buccal/sublingual delivery?
Rapid dissolution, high absorption rate, enters blood directly (greater bioavailability) and avoidance of first pass metabolism.
Where does digestion actually start?
The mouth.
