Physiology in Pregnancy Flashcards
how does metabolism of fat change of pregnancy
used more readily. Risk of becoming ketotic faster in DM1
why do women get heartburn in pregnancy
LOS relaxes and there is delated gastric emptying
true/false - leg edema is only common in pre-eclampsia
false - 80% of full term pregnancies have oedema
why do pregnant women have oedema
they are more prone to salt and water retention
in what disease do TSH mimicking antibodies cross the placenta
Graves
effect of pregnancy on immune system
immunosuppressed
changes to breasts in pregnancy
increase in size and vascularity, pigmentation of areola and nipple
montgomery tubercles appear
what is the first milk expressed called
colostrum
how much does blood volume increase by
50-70%
name 4 cardiac quantities that increase in pregnancy
blood flow, cardiac output, heart rate and stroke volume
true/false O2 consumption increases in pregnancy
true
when in the supine position CO will increase/reduce by 25%
reduce - baby presses on IVC meaning less return and less blood available to pump out
which heart chamber might get bigger
RV and LA
effect of pregnancy on systemic vascular resistance
falls - means that BP falls through pregnancy
what stage of pregnancy will BP rise
mid 3rd trimester
why might a pregnant woman appear anaemic
blood volume increases more than haemoglobin so it becomes diluted and at an anaemic level
which cardiovascular values decreases in pregnancy
BP and total peripheral resistance
post delivery cardiac output increases/decreases
increases - by 80%
what are catecholamines
adrenal gland hormones (dopamine, nor/epinephrine)
deficiency of what mineral causes hypothyroidism in pregnancy
iodine
decrease of blood volume postpartum
10% in 3 days
describe changes to the CVS postpartum
straight after delivery BP falls and CO increases by 80%.
Over several weeks/months BP and TPR will increase and HR, CO and blood volume decrease back to normal
which cardiovascular parameter takes longest to return to normal postpartum
cardiac output (24 weeks)
how long does CVS generally take to return to normal
3 months
