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Micro Organisms > Physiology And Anatomy > Flashcards

Physiology And Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Dentine is made up of..

A

80% inorganic crystal

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2
Q

Pulp is..

A

A soft tissue

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3
Q

Cementum is..

A

65% mineralised crystals

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4
Q

The trigeminal nerve is known as..

A

The 5th/V nerve. Sensory, pain, temp, touch. Soft tissues

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5
Q

The facial nerve is known as..

A

The 7th/V11 nerve. Sensory, taste from anterior and 2/3rds of tongue

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6
Q

The glossopharyngeal nerve is known as..

A

The 9th/1X nerve. Sensory, taste from posterior tongue.

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7
Q

Hypoglossal is known as the..

A

12th/X11 nerve. Tongue muscles

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8
Q

The anterior nerve effects..

A

Teeth 1,2,3

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9
Q

The middle nerve effects teeth..

A

4,5 and half of 6

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10
Q

The posterior nerve effects teeth..

A

Distal half of 6,7 and 8

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11
Q

The most common block is..

A

The ID nerve (6,7 and 8) inferior nerve

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12
Q

Code 0 is-

A

Healthy gingival tissues with no bleeding on probing

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13
Q

Code 1 -

A

Pocketing no more then 3.5mm. Bleeding on probing, no calculus or other plaque retention factor present

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14
Q

Code 2-

A

Pocket no more then 3.5mm but plaque retention factor detected

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15
Q

Code 3-

A

Pocket present up to 5.5mm deep

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16
Q

Code 4-

A

Pocket present deeper then 5.5mm

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17
Q

Code *-

A

Gingival recession or furcation involvement present

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18
Q

The perio ligament acts as a

A

Shock absorber

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19
Q

The ring of muscle surrounding the mouth is the..

A

Orbricularis oris

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20
Q

The natural shredding of teeth is called

A

Exfoliation

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21
Q

Drug records should be kept for

A

11 years

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22
Q

Blood vessels pass through natural openings called

A

The foramen

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23
Q

Ortho class 1 -

A

Normal

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24
Q

Ortho class 2 div 1-

A

Proclined

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25
Q

Ortho class 2 div 2-

A

Retroclined

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26
Q

Ortho class 3-

A

Overjet

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27
Q

A patient who sucks there thumb often has a

A

Proclined incisor teeth and an anterior open bite

28
Q

Enamel is made up of..

A

96% mineral crystal called calcium hydroxyapatite

29
Q

What joins the temple bone and condyle together?

A

The glenoid fossa

30
Q

What lies beneath the shell of the tooth?

A

Enamel

31
Q

What comes after the enamel

A

Dentine

32
Q

What is the gum known as

A

The gingiva

33
Q

What is the nerve running through the centre of the tooth known as?

A

The pulp

34
Q

What is the gum surrounding the tooth known as?

A

Spongy bone

35
Q

What is the outer layer of the tooth called?

A

Cementum

36
Q

What lies at the base of the tooth?

A

The apex

37
Q

An over bite greater then 50% means what?

A

Class ii div 2 incisors

38
Q

An over jet greater then 4mm means what?

A

Class ii div 1 malocclusion

39
Q

Angles classification is based on the position of which teeth?

A

The first molars and the canines in each jaw

40
Q

A twin block appliance relies on what to move the teeth?

A

Muscles of facial expression and mastication

41
Q

What is an Adams crib?

A

A stainless steal clasp fitted on to molar tooth to retain the appliance

42
Q

In a removable ortho appliance what do springs do?

A

Move the teeth along the arch as required

43
Q

In a removable ortho appliance what do retractors do?

A

To push one or several teeth backwards

44
Q

In a removable appliance what are expansion screws used for?

A

To move several teeth or each half of the upper arch outwards

45
Q

What are the upper chambers of the heart called?

A

Atria/atrium

46
Q

What are the lower chambers of the heart called?

A

Ventricles

47
Q

Which side of the heart transports deoxygenated blood?

A

The right side

From the body to the lungs

48
Q

Which side of the body transports oxygenated blood?

A

The left side

From the lungs to the rest of the body

49
Q

What is the name of the one way valve between to the two right heart chambers?

A

Tricuspid valve

50
Q

What is the name of the one way valve in the left chamber of the heart?

A

The mitral valve

51
Q

Deoxygenated blood is collected from the whole body through what?

A

Veins

52
Q

Blood vessels taking oxygenated blood around the body are?

A

Arteries

53
Q

Which is the largest artery in the body?

A

The aorta

54
Q

Oxygen passes out of capillaries as what?

A

Carbon dioxide
The waste product of energy production

This is called internal respiration as a gas exchange

55
Q

What is external respiration?

A

This is the release of co2 from the lungs and O2 breathed in and reoxygenated.

56
Q

What transports food from the mouth to the stomach?

A

The oesophagus

57
Q

Where is the majority of ingested food stored while being broken down for absorption?

A

The stomach

58
Q

Where is the final stage of digestion and absorption of nutrients?

A

Small intestine

59
Q

Where are digestive waste products stored before elimination?

A

Large intestine

60
Q

What is peristalsis?

A

A wave like muscular action of the oesophagus pushing swallowed food down the throat

61
Q

The acidic stomach contents have a ph value of what?

A

PH2

62
Q

What does the liver produce to neutralise the acid stomach contents?

A

Alkaline bile

63
Q

Where is alkaline bile stored?

A

The gore bladder

64
Q

Which organ assists digestion by producing various enzymes into the small intestine?

A

The pancreas

This realises insulin and glucagon to control blood glucose levels

65
Q

The liver is a chemical factory or the body and its functions are..

A

Storage and distribution of carbohydrates

Storage of vitamins

Manufacture of bile for fat digestion and neutralisation of stomach acid

Manufacture of plasma proteins for the blood

Detoxification of drugs and alcohol

Disposal of waste products

Storage of distribution or iron.

66
Q

Difficulty in swallowing is known as what?

A

Dysphagia

Micro Organisms (4 decks)

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