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Reproductive > Physiology > Flashcards

Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Define the follicular stage of the ovarian cycle

A

Follicles in the ovaries mature

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2
Q

What is FSH required for in the ovarian cycle?

A

Follicular recruitment and development

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3
Q

What produces an LH surge in the ovarian life cycle?

A

Oestrogen

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4
Q

What produces oestrogen in the ovarian cycle?

A

follicles

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5
Q

What does LH surge cause in the ovarian cycle?

A

follicular maturation and ovulation,

stimulate Corpus lutium function

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6
Q

What are the stages of follicles?

A 
primary follicle, 
secondary, 
theca, 
antrum, 
ovulation
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7
Q

what is the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle?

A

Phase that forms the body for pregnancy

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8
Q

what hormone is released in the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle?

A

progesterone

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9
Q

how long does the follicular and luteal phase last in the ovarian cycle?

A

14 days each

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10
Q

what are the stages of the luteal phase?

A

corpus luteum formation,
mature corpus luteum,
corpus albicans

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11
Q

What causes the bleeding in a menstrual period?

A

necrosis of endometrium

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12
Q

What does GnRh stimulate the release of?

A

LH and FSH from anterior pituitary

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13
Q

Targets of oestrogens?

A 
hypothalamus, 
fat distribution, 
mammary gland,
bone maturation and turnover,
uterus, 
CNS
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14
Q

systemic effects of oestrogen

A 
protein metabolism,
carbohydrate,
lipid, 
water and electrolytes,
blood clotting
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15
Q

What produces seminal fluid in a male reproductive system?

A

seminal vesicle,
prostate gland,
bulbourethral gland

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16
Q

what are the stages of sperm production?

A

spermatocytogenesis,
meiosis,
spermiogenesis

17
Q

what are the target organs for testosterone?

A 
skin,
brain,
muscle,
liver,
male sexual organs,
kidney, 
bone marrow, 
bone
18
Q

What is the significance of corpus luteum becoming the Corpus Albican

A

The corpus albican is the final stage of the ovary and wont release progesterone causing menstraul bleed.

19
Q

What are the are the stages of the menstrual cycle?

A

Menstraul,
Proliferative,
Secretory,
Premenstraul phase

20
Q

What hormone stops the corpus luteum from becomin the corpus albican?

A

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Hormone

21
Q

What is oogenesis?

A

differentiation of the ovum into a cell competent to further develop when fertilized

22
Q

Shortly after birth what happens to your oognium?

A

Undergo mitotic division to produce primary oocytes

23
Q

At puberty what happens to the primary oocyte?

A

Meiosis occurs to release a secondary oocyte at ovulation and extra genetic material is released as the first polar body

24
Q

What happens to a secondary oocyte at fertilisation?

A

Second meiotic division to form mature ovum and 2ndary polar body

25
Q

In the seminiferous tubule what produced sperm?

A

Germ cells and

Sperm is supported by Sertoli cells

26
Q

What cells in the testis produce testosterone?

A

Interstitial (leydig) cells

27
Q

What does FSH signal in males?

A

Spermatogonia in seminiferous tubules of testes,

Which stimulate spermatogenesis

28
Q

What do LH signal in males?

A

Leydig it inerstital cells of testes to produce androgens

29
Q

What do androgens stimulate in males

A

Seritoli cells in seminiferous tubules,

Secondary male sex characteristics

30
Q

Steps of spermatogenesis?

A 
Spermatogonium becomes primary spermocyte, 
Undergoes meiosis 1, 
Producing secondary spermatocyte, 
Meiosis 2, 
Producing spermatids, 
Spermatogenesis,
Producing mature sperm cells
31
Q

What is sperminogenesis

A

Spermtids into mature sperm cells

32
Q

What stimulates spermatogenesis

A

FSH

Acting on spermatogonia in seminiferous tubules of testes

33
Q

What factors can affect oogenesis/ spermatogenesis?

A

Problem with hormonal control (genetics, tumours, medication),
Problem at site of production (genetics, cancer, surgery, trauma, infections)

Reproductive (2 decks)

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