Physiology Flashcards
Name the 3 components of blood
Plasma, Buffy coat, RBC
What are the 3 main functions of blood
Transport - CO2 and O2
Maintenance of vascular integrity
Immunity
Where are the blood cells formed (and what is this called)
HAEMATOPOESIS occurs within the bone marrow
What are the 2 groups of stem cells known as
Myeloid and Lymphoid progenitor cells
Name 3 main components of Plasma and 2 main components of Buffy coat
Plasma - Coagulation Factors, Albumin and Antibodies
Buffy coat - WC and platelets
Differentiation of Lymphoid Cells
Natural killer
T and B cells
Plasma Cells
Differentiation of Myeloid Cells
Eosinophils Basophils Neutrophils Mast cells Erythocyte monocyes
Where does B-Cell activation occur
Germinal Centres of the Secondary Lymphoid organs - Spleen and lymph nodes etc.
Normal Ranges for... Hb (male) Hb (female) Platelets WCC
Hb (male) - 135 - 170
Hb (female) - 120 - 160
Platelets - 150 - 400
WCC - 4 - 10
Name the 2 forms of Tissue in the spleen and what is their function
Red Pulp - where the Red cells are activated
White Pulp - Immune function
Give 3 potential Causes of Hypo and Hypersplenism
Hypo - Alcoholic Liver disease, Coeliac disease, HbSS
Hyper - Infection, Haem malignancy, haemolytic disease
Name the elements and protein or a RBC and describe its structure
Enzymes, membrane and haemoglobin
Proteins = Alpha and Beta Spectin and Ankyrin
The RBC is made up 2 alpha chains (each with 2 genes = 4 total) and 2 Beta chains (each with 1 gene = 2 total) - these are the haem chains
the final product is haem