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Psychology GRE > Physiology > Flashcards

Physiology Flashcards

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1
Q

system nerve tissue and fibers outside of the brain and SC – connects the CNS to the rest of the body, has 2 subdivisions

A

peripheral nervous system

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2
Q

system of brain and spinal cord

A

central nervous system

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3
Q

sensory neurons transmit information through ____

A

afferent fibers

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4
Q

motor impulses travel through ____

A

efferent fibers

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5
Q

nervous system that accelerates heartbeat and inhibits digestion - fight or flight

A

sympathetic

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6
Q

nervous system that decelerates heartbeat and increases digestion, goal of energy conservations

A

parasympathetic

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7
Q

part of the brain involved in balance, motor coordination, breathing, digestion, general arousal processes (sleeping/waking) - vital for survival

A

hindbrain

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8
Q

part of the brain that manages sensorimotor reflexes to promote survival, receives sensory and motor information

A

midbrain

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9
Q

part of the brain associated with complex perceptual, cognitive, and behavioral processes (emotion and memory), greatest influence on behavior

A

forebrain

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10
Q

a lower brain structure responsible for regulating vital functions such as breathing, heartbeat, and blood pressure

A

medulla oblongata

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11
Q

brain structure that contains sensory and motor tracts between the cortex and medulla

A

pons

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12
Q

brain structure that helps maintain posture and balance and coordinates body movements

A

cerebellum

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13
Q

brain structure composed of interconnected nuclei, regulates arousal and alertness (sleeping and waking) and attention (anesthetics act on this)

A

reticular formation

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14
Q

____ colliculus receives visual sensory input

A

superior

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15
Q

____ colliculus receives auditory sensory input

A

inferior

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16
Q

relay station for incoming sensory information, includes all senses except smell - sorts sensory impulses and transmits them to appropriate areas of the cerebral cortex

A

thalamus

17
Q

serves homeostatic functions and is a key player in emotional experience during heightened arousal states, aggressive behavior, and sexual behavior - also helps control some endocrine functions and the autonomic nervous system, involved in fight or flight

A

hypothalamus

18
Q

hunger center of the brain, tells you when to begin eating and drinking

A

lateral hypothalamus

19
Q

satiety center of the brain that tells you when you’ve had enough to eat, brain lesions in this area usually lead to obesity

A

ventromedial hypothalamus

20
Q

electrical stimulation here causes an increase in aggressive sexual behavior, damage leads to permanent inhibition of sexual activity

A

anterior hypothalamus

21
Q

area in the middle of the brain that controls muscle movement as it receives information from the cortex

A

basal ganglia

22
Q

fluid-filled cavities in the middle of the brain that link up with spinal canal that runs down SC, linked with schizophrenia symptoms

A

ventricles

23
Q

group of interconnected structures looping around central portion of the brain, lies in the oldest part of the central hemisphere - primarily associated with emotion and memory

A

limbic system

24
Q

pleasure center of the brain, also acts to inhibit aggression

A

septal nuclei

25
Q

involved in aggressive and defensive behavior, damage reduces aggression and fear, lesions lead to docility and hypersexual states

A

amygdala

26
Q

brain structure involved in learning and memory

A

hippocampus

27
Q

not being able to establish long term memories

A

anteretrograde amnesia

28
Q

not being able to remember events before an injury

A

retrograde amnesia

29
Q

combines input from diverse brain regions

A

association areas

30
Q

areas that receive sensory information or send out motor impulse commands

A

projection areas

31
Q

large section of fibers that connect the hemispheres

A

corpus callosum

32
Q

contains nucleus, cell’s energy center

A

cell body/soma

33
Q

branch out from the soma to receive incoming information from other neurons via postsynaptic receptors, external stimulation can lead to neuron firing

A

dendrites

34
Q

branch out to terminal buttons

A

axons

35
Q

contain vesicles filled with neurotransmitters that release when neuron fires

A

terminal buttons

36
Q

neural transmission between neurons is a (chemical/electrical) process

A

chemical

37
Q

neural conduction within neuron is a (chemical/electrical) process

A

electrical

Psychology GRE (2 decks)

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