Physiology Flashcards
a 67 year old man who smokes since his teens and have been diagnosed with COPD. his disease is stable right now. what is his FEV1/FVC% likely to be?
60%
in somebody with emphysema, is pulmonary compliance decreased or increased?
increased
in emphysema you get destruction of the alveoli. tehy lose their elastic properties which cause recoil. this means the lungs are easier to stretch. air becomes trapped in the lungs causing residual volume and total lung volume to increased. so get hyperinflated lungs in COPD
is compliance increased or decreased in pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary oedema
decreased
in a patient with COPD, when is dynamic airway compression likely to occur?
during active expiration
21 year old females sees her GP about intermittent breathlessness. she often feels breathless when in a crowded room. when she feels breathless she also get numbness and tingling around the mouth.. what is causing this anxiety?
increased central autonomic arousal
if you hyperventilate, do you get alkalosis or acidosis
alkalosis
in what disease do you get this»
fixed airway obstruction and decreased area for gas exchange
COPDi
is someone with a tension pneumothorax likely to be hypotensive
yes
52 year old man complains of gradually increasing SOB on exertion and a dry cough. he has smoked 10 fags a day since he was 14. on exam there are crackles heard at both lung bases
which option below best describes the mechanisms causing his SOB
reduced pulmonary compliance and imapired gas diffusion?
increased work of breathing caused by reversible airway obstruction?
increased alveolar tension
fixed airway obstruction and decreased SA for gas exchange?
metabolic acidossi?
reduced pulmonary compliance and impaired gas diffusion
in a patient with pulmonary fibrosis, the FEV1/FVC% is liely to be?
35% 40% 80% 60% 20%
80%
72 year old lady had MI in the past and has impaired left ventricular function. she complains of SOB which is worse at night.
what mechanism explains the SOB?
increassed alveolar surface tension?
increased work of breathing due to reversible airway obstruction?
reduced O2 carrying capacity of the blood?
reduced pulmonary compliance and imapired gas diffusion?
stimulation of central chemoreceptors?
reduced pulmonary compliance and impaired gas diffusion
previously fit 22 year old man has been unwell for 2 days. he presents with a cough productive of green sputum and he has a fever and is SOB. His Po2 is 8.2. what is his saturation likely to be?
90? 98? 82? 75? 60?
90%
true or false?
functional residual capacity is aprrox 2.2 L in a young adult man
true
true or false?
in normal lungs a low PO2 causes pulmonary vasoconstrcition
true
true or false
in normal lungs parasympathetic stimulation causes bronchodialtion?
false
