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OB Blitz > Physiology > Flashcards

Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Pregnancy occur

A

Day of ovulation or

2 days preceding the ovulation

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2
Q

Corpus luteum

A

Theca cells + granulosa cells

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3
Q

What cell causes mittelschmerz

A

Corpus hemorrhagicum

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4
Q

Thermogenic properties

A

Progesterone

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5
Q

When does LH secretion peak

A

10-12 hrs before ovulation

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6
Q

Corpus luteum will regress in the absence of pregnancy

A

9-11 days after ovulation

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7
Q

What is the chemotactic activating factor for neutrophils

A

Interleukin 8

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8
Q

The endometrium has been restored completely

A

5th day of menses

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9
Q

The earliest histological evidence of progesterone action

A

Basal vacuolation

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10
Q

Stromal edema

A

Pronounced in secretory phase

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11
Q

Stromal mitoses

A

Most abundant during proliferative phase

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12
Q

Decidua layers which remain the same throughout

A

Decidua parietalis/ decidua vera

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13
Q

32 cell stage

A

Morula

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14
Q

Morula enters the uterine cavity

A

3 days post conception

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15
Q

Implantation

A

7 days post conception
Posterior superior wall of uterus
During secretory phase of menstrual cycle
Functional layer of endometrium

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16
Q

Produces the HCG

A

Syncytiotrophoblast

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17
Q

1st system to develop and continues post natal

A

CNS

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18
Q

Bilaminar Embryonic Disc

A

Post Conception Week 2

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19
Q

Trilaminar embryonic disc

A

Embryonic Period Week 3-8

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20
Q

Period of high susceptibility to teratogen

A

Week 3-9

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21
Q

Source of progesterone 1st 6-7 weeks of pregnancy

A

Corpus luteum (ovary)

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22
Q

Source of progesterone 8 weeks of pregnancy

A

Placenta (syncytiotrophoblast)

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23
Q

Preferred precursor of progesterone biosynthesis by the trophoblast

A

Maternal plasma LDL cholesterol

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24
Q

What produces estrogen in pregnancy

A

Syncytiotrophoblast

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25
Q

Marker of fetal well being

A

Estriol

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26
Q

Poor pap smear quality during pregnancy

A

Arias stella

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27
Q

Crystallization or beading

A

Progesterone

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28
Q

OGTT

A

24-28 weeks

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29
Q

Asymptomatic bacteriuria (urine culture)

A

> 100 000 colonies/ml of E. Coli

30
Q

Prenatal visit

A

Every 4 wks up to 28 weeks
Every 2 weeks up to 36 weeks
Weekly thereafte

31
Q

Weight gain

A

2-11-11

32
Q

Total caloric intake

A

2500 kcal/day

33
Q

Iron supplement

A

27-30 mg ferrous iron supplement

60-100 mg elemental iron/ day (large built, twin, late in pregnancy, depressed hgb level

34
Q

Overly anemic

A

200 mg elemental iron/ day

35
Q

Folic acid supplement if with prev hx of pregnancy complicated with NTD

A

4mg/day 1 month prior to conception

36
Q

Folic acid throughout the periconceptional period

A

400 mcg/day

37
Q

Zinc supplement in pregnancy

A

15 mg/day

38
Q

Zinc supplement in lactating women

A

19 mg/day

39
Q

Iodine (pregnancy)

A

175 mcg/day

40
Q

Iodine (lactating)

A

200mg/day

41
Q

Magnesium (pregnant)

A

320 mg/day

42
Q

Magnesium (lactating)

A

355 mg/day

43
Q

The most common fetal testing method

A

Nonstress Testing

44
Q

A test of uteroplacental function

A

contraction stress testing

45
Q

Reactive NST

A

2 or more accelerations occuring within 20 min that peak at 15 bpm or more above baseline, each lasting 15 sec or more

46
Q

Nonreaasuring finding in umbilical artery doppler velocimetry which may indicate delivery

A

ARED (absent or reversed end diastolic flow) - uteroplacental insufficiency

47
Q

Single most important indicator of an adequately oxygenated fetus

A

Baseline or beat to beat variability♥️

48
Q

Normal variability

A

6-25 bpm fr baseline

49
Q

Early deceleration

A

Head compression

50
Q

Variable deceleration

A

Umbilical cord compression

51
Q

Late deceleration

A

Uteroplacental insufficiency

52
Q

Mirror images of contractions

A

Early deceleration

53
Q

Abrupt decrease in FHR below the baseline

A

Variable deceleration

54
Q

Gradual decrease in FHR below the baseline

A

Late deceleration

55
Q

Most common isolated structural defects

A

Congenital heart defects

56
Q

Second most common structural defects

A

Neural tube defects

57
Q

Maternal serum afp screening done when

A

14-22 weeks

58
Q

MSAFP level which clearly indicates fetal risk

A

> 3.5 Mom

59
Q

General marker for abn devt

A

Ventriculomegaly

60
Q

Frontal bone scalloping

A

Lemon sign

61
Q

Elongation and downward displacement of the cerebellum

A

Banana sign

62
Q

Triple serum markers for down syndrome

A

AFP low
HCG high
Estriol low

63
Q

Quadruple serum markers

A

Afp
Chorionic gonadotropin
Estriol
Inhibin-high

64
Q

Early amniocentesis

A

11-14 weeks

65
Q

Chorionic villus sampling

A

9-12 weeks

66
Q

Percutaneous umbilical cord sampling

A

> 20 weeks

67
Q

Ectopic pregnancy at the isthmus will rupture at

A

6-8 weeks

68
Q

Ectopic triad

A

Abdominal pain
Amenorrhea
Vaginal bleeding

69
Q

Diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy

A

Serum hcg + vaginal utz

>1500 miU/mL + empty uterus on utz

70
Q

Gold standard for diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy

A

Laparoscopy

OB Blitz (5 decks)

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