Physiology Flashcards
What are cones in the eye used for?
Colour and acuity
What are rods in the eye used for?
Seeing at night/dusk.
Detecting light intensity
Peripheral vision
Why can’t we look directly at objects at night?
The fovel centratils only has cones, no rods
How do we look at items at night?
What do we do differently from day?
We use our prepherial vision, so need to look to the side.
How long does it take for eyes to adjust at night
Rods take 20-30 minutes to adapt
How long do cones take to adjust
Cones adapt in 6-8 minutes
What is the most important sense?
Vision
What senses motion?
For the body
Inner ear ( vestibular system )
What is the sclera?
It gives the eye its form. Outside the retina
What is the cornea?
The cornea is the transparent part of the sclera
What is the iris?
It controls the amount of light allowed into the eye
What is the lens?
The lens is used to focus the eye.
What are cones?
Cones detect colour
Cones provide visual acuity
Where are rods and cones concentrated?
Cones in the Macula.
Rods in on the edges
What is empty field myopia
Eyes will focus at default ( 3 to 4m )
Pilot will think they are looking outside, they only see the front of the plane.
What is the recommended scanning rate
No more than 10 degrees per second
How long is our reaction time when looking?
Time between seeing and doing something
About 1 1/2 seconds
What is perception?
Organisation, identification and interpretation of sensory information.
It has a lot of baises
What are the limitations of a mental model?
Founded on incomplete facts
Is flexible - both in a positive and negative way
Is limited compared to actual world
What is bottom up processing?
Sensory information going directly to the brain. No thinking required
What is top down processing?
Using top down to make sense of the world. E.g relative sizes of things to decide what is closer.