Physiology Flashcards
What are the main bones in the body.
Skull,sternum,rib,spine, femur , tibia , patella , radius , ulna ,humerus.
What r the major muscles in the body?
Biceps, triceps, quadriceps, hamstrings, calf muscles.
What is the difference between respiration and breathing?
Respiration is a chemical reaction that occurs in every living cell but breathing in a physical reaction as things move.
What is the prosses of breathing
The diaphragm moves down the intercostal muscles pull the ribs up and out pressure is low now. Diaphragm then goes up and the intercostal muscles pull the ribs down and in lungs deflate.
What are the composition of inhaled air in terms of oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen.
Oxygen 21% carbon dioxide 0.04% nitrogen 78% and other gases 1%
What does plasma contain
Dissolved substances
What is the function for white blood cells and platelets?
White blood cells fight disease and make antibodies and platelets help with blood clotting and stops bleeding by forming a scab.
Why does heart rate increases during exercise?
It’s because the muscles need more oxygen through the blood so they can work harder so the heart pumps the blood quicker to get more blood to the muscles.
What are the two types of joints in a human?
Hinge joint and Ball and socket joint
Where can a ball and socket be in a human
The pelvis / hip
Where can a hinge joint be in a human
The arms and legs.
What are the four functions of the skeleton?
Protection, shape , movement, blood cell production.
What are is the word equation for aerobic respiration?
Oxygen add glucose—> carbon dioxide add water.
What does blood contain?
Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and plasma.
How do antagonistic muscles work?
One muscle contract to move the bone and the other relaxes and then contracts to move the bone back so that would help us move but only one muscle can’t move the bone back individually so they work in pairs which are antagonistic muscles.
What are red blood cells adaptations
They are packed full of haemaglobin which is the protein that combines with the oxygen. It doesn’t have a nucleus as it would take up to much room. Flexible so it can squeeze through tiny capillaries. Biconcave shape to have a larger surface area so oxygen can differ in.
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration
Glucose-> lactic acid
What is the competition of the air we exhale with oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen.in %
Oxygen = 16 carbon dioxide = 4 nitrogen = 78
Give 1 example for each or the functions of the skeleton.
Protection= the ribs protecting the lungs Movement= muscles can pull on bones Blood cell production= the inner part of some bones make blood cells
Where does hr co and sv go on the triangle
Co at the top and sv on the left bottom and hr on the right bottom.
What is the difference between breathing and respiration
Respiration is the chemical prosses which takes place in every cell but breathing is a physical reaction that happens in the lungs
What is in the structure of the thorax involved in breathing:
Trachea, bronchi, bronchioles,alveoli, ribs,diaphragm, intercostal muscles
What does blood consist
Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, plasma
How do agonistic muscles work
One muscle contracts and gets shorter and thicker the other muscles is relaxed so its lengthens therefore moving the muscle
