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Esthetics Avalon > Physiology > Flashcards

Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

A group of waxy lipid molecules that are an important barrier function and water holding capacity such as glycolipids

A

Ceramides

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2
Q

Lipids are reduced if…

A

The skin is dry damaged or mature

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3
Q

Organ such as the skin heart liver and kidneys have their cells replaced every..

A

6 to 9 months

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4
Q

These raise contribute up to 95% of the suns UV radiation?

A

Aging rays

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5
Q

These rays cause burning of the skin as well as tanning aging and cancer

A

Burning rays

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6
Q

Binding of protein molecules to a glucose molecule resulting in the formation of damage nonfunctioning structures this results in stiff and inflexible sagging skin

A

Glycation

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7
Q

What are the five layers of the epidermidis?

A

Stratum corneum,
stratum lucidum,
stratum Grandulosum,
Stratum spinosum,
Stratham Germinativum.

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8
Q

This “dermis” includes carrot tonight sites and mune cells and intercellular fluids

A

Epidermis

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9
Q

Hardened corneocytes (flattened squamous cells)

A

Corneum #1

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10
Q

2layer! clear cells, thick layer of dead skin cells allows light to pass through

(thickest on the palms and soles)

A

Spinosum

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11
Q

3rd layer; Production of excretion; desmosomes dissolved by enzymes.

A

Granulosum

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12
Q

4 layer. Largest layer! Langerhans immune cells. Keratinocytes, melanocytes and lipids are all produce here.

A

Spinosum

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13
Q

“E, D, S” skin layers

A

Epidermidis, dermis, subcutaneous

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14
Q

This cell can sense unrecognized foreign invaders such as bacteria and then process these antigens for removal through the lymph system.

A

Langerhans

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15
Q

eccrine glands are…

A

Sweat glands!

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16
Q

Arrector pilli muscle can cause..

A

Goose bumps 🦠🌡

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17
Q

Free radicals can be generated by outside factors including??

A

If , unhealthy foods, chemicals, smoke or trauma from medical treatments

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18
Q

The study of structure and composition is..

A

Skin history!

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19
Q

Chain of amino acids are called?

A

Polypeptides!!

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20
Q

What do peptides hold together?

A

Amino acids!

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21
Q

Each square inch of skin contains how many ft of blood vessels?

A

888888888888888

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22
Q

How many hot& cold receptors are in the body?

A

12

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23
Q

Appendages of the skin include????

A

💇🏻‍♀️💅🏽🏃🏾‍♀️ 🥑

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24
Q

Where is the thickest of skin???

A

Feet& hands

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25
Q

The gland helps regulate the internal temperature of your body!

A

Sudoriferous

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26
Q

This hormone helps stimulate cells to reproduce and heal

A

Epidermal growth factor

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27
Q

Oily substance that protects/lubricants the surface of the skin and hair

A

Sebum

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28
Q

This gland produces sebum

A

Sebaceous gland

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29
Q

The production process of injured skin to restore itself to normal thickness

A

Hyperproduction

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30
Q

Glands that excrete perspiration, regulate body temperature and detoxify the body.

A

Sudoriferous

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31
Q

What is the average pH of the acid mantle?

A

5.0 -6.0

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32
Q

Tube like depressions with oil glands attached are..

A

Follicles

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33
Q

What is TEWL???

A

Transepidermal Water loss
(evaporation of the skins surface)

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34
Q

What cells are found in the Stratum granulosum?

A

Strain basal, melanocytes, the spinosum.

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35
Q

This layer is stratum is only present in the thicker skin of the palms and soles?

A

Lucidum

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36
Q

This strain serves as effective barrier to any chemicals that might harm the living cells beneath them..

A

Corneum

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37
Q

The stratum insureds production of new skin cells. It also provides vital protection against viruses bacteria parasites or any other forms of pathogen or toxin.

A

Corneum

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38
Q

The stratum is the thickest layer of the four it protects the hands and feet? Hint it’s underneath the corneum..

A

Stratum lucidum

39
Q

What is the bottom layer of the epidermis?

A

Stratum germinativum

40
Q

Eumelanin /200 melanosomes per keratinocytes is for what type of skin???

A

Dark brown to black

41
Q

Pheomelanin 20/ melanosomes per keratinocytes is for what kind of skin?

A

Fair skin- red to yellow

42
Q

What enzymes deulates melanocytes in thus produces melanin?

A

Tyrosinase!!!!

43
Q

What is the thickest stratum?

44
Q

What do the connective tissues consist of

A

Collagen protein and elastin fibers!

-protein fiber found in the dermis; elasticity and firmness

45
Q

This vessel is located in the dermis to supply nourishment within the skin and remove waste??

A

Lymph vessel

46
Q

Within the skin through… 🐛

A

Capillaries

47
Q

This “ingredient” is a natural intercellular fluid that helps hydrate the skin

A

Hyaluronic acid

48
Q

What 5 components make up the dermis??
F L L L M

A

Fibroblasts (cell stimulaters)
Lymphocytes (fights infections)
Langerhans cells ( guards cells)
Mast cells ( involved in allergic reactions)
Leukocytes ( 🩸 fight against injections)

49
Q

The papillary layer connects the dermis to?

A

The epidermis

50
Q

The dermal papillae are membranes of ridges and grooves attach to the the?

51
Q

Squamous, flat, sclay cells????

A

Keratinocytes

52
Q

Adipose tissue is also known as??

A

Subcutis tissue

53
Q

Nails are comprised of…

A

Hard keratin!

54
Q

This nerve fiber conveys impulses from the brain/ spinal cord to the muscles or glands

A

EFF ER ENT

55
Q

Afferent nerve fibers and efferent nerve fibers?

A

Are known as sensory fibers efferent nerve fibers are motor nerve fibers.

56
Q

Secretary nerve fibers are motor nerves attaches tooooooo???

A

Sweat& oil glands

57
Q

What is the protective layer of lipids and secretions on the surface of the skin?

A

Acid mantle

58
Q

This coiled sweat gland are attached to the hair follicles.

59
Q

This barrier protects the skin from irritation and hydration

60
Q

What does despises do?

A

Structure that assists in holding cells together! Intercultural connections made of proteins!

61
Q

Another name for STRATUM CORNEUM!
This is a hardened waterproof, protective keratinocytes. These DEAD protein Ella are dried out and lack nuclei!

A

Corneocytes

62
Q

White blood cells that have enzymes to digits and kill bacteria/parasites. Respond also to allergies

A

LEUKOCYTES

63
Q

What are dermal papillae??

A

Membranes of ridges &grooves that attaches to the epidermis

64
Q

A colony of microorganisms that adhere to environmental surface/ human body that secrete a sticky/ protective coating that cements them together. (Making them hard to penetrate)

65
Q

Disinfectants used in salons, spas and medical facilities

A

Bactericidal

66
Q

Destroys viruses

67
Q

Destroys fungi

A

Fungicidal

68
Q

During the active stage… bacteria

A

Grows and reproduces

69
Q

Immunity that body develops after overcoming a disease through inoculation( vaccine)

A

Acquired immunity

70
Q

Fungal infections affect the skin and live off..

A

Protein- that makes up the skin

71
Q

Fibroblasts are cells that stimulate…

A

Collagen, amino acid that form proteins

72
Q

CATION—- is the binding protein molecular to a glucose molecule, Resulting in the formation of damage nonfunctioning structures

73
Q

Hair papillae are cone-shape elevation at the base of the follicle that fit..

A

Into the hair bulb

74
Q

The lipid substances between Corneum cells that protect the cells from water and irritation.

A

Intercullar matrix

75
Q

Hydrolipidic film

A

Is an oil water balance that protects the skin surface

76
Q

This is the top layer of the dermis! Next to the epidermis.

A

The papillary layer!

77
Q

The deepest layer of the dermis, contains proteins, college and elastic that give the skin its strength and elasticity

A

Reticular layer

78
Q

This gland protects the surface of the skin, whereas Sudoriferous glands excrete perspiration and regulate body temperature

A

Sebaceous gland

79
Q

Langerhans!!!???

A

Guard cells of the immune system thag dense foreign invaders

80
Q

What is the active layer(STRATUM) of the epidermis about the papillary layer??

A

Basal/germinativum

81
Q

What layer is composed of FAT tissue located beneath the dermis, whereas the epidermis is located above the dermis.

A

SUBCANTANEOUS

82
Q

This layer provides a protective cushion& energy storage for the body, whereas fibroblast stimulate cells, collagen and amino acids.

A

Subcutaneous

83
Q

This is also known as the Subcutis tissue!!

A

Adipose tissue

84
Q

This gland excretes perspiration and detoxify the body

A

Sudoriferous

85
Q

This stimulates cells that form proteins

A

Fibroblasts

86
Q

The cell identified molecules that have foreign PEPTIDES and also help regulate immune response??

87
Q

What are capillaries that have been damaged and are no longer or distended blood vessels?

A

Telangiectasia

88
Q

This commonly called couperose skin

A

Telangiectasia

89
Q

Water loss caused by evaporation on the skins surface is called… _____ water loss

A

Transepidermal

90
Q

EDS. Where in the skin are the sensory nerve endings?? Responds to touch, pain, cold, heat and pressure.

91
Q

Pores also refers to…

92
Q

What are the six primary functions of the skin?

A

Protection, sensation, keep regulation, expression, secretion, and absorption.

93
Q

Eumelanin color??

A

Brown to black

Esthetics Avalon (8 decks)

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