physiological pathology ch16 ch17 ch18 (exam 5/final) Flashcards
pustule
a small elevation of the skin containing pus.
pyelitis
inflammation of the pelvis of the kidney.
pyo
prefix meaning pus.
recurrent
reappearance of symptoms after a period of remission (abatement).
recurrent disease
returned, noting symptoms or lesions reappearing after an intermission or remission.
regeneration
the replacement of damaged cells with identical cells
remission
temporary cessation of symptoms of disease
renal calculi
kidney stones
repair
physical or mechanical restoration of damaged or diseased tissue by the growth of healthy new cells, not necessarily the same type, or by surgery
resolution
the termination of the inflammatory response with the affected part returning to its normal state.
rhagia
suffix meaning bursting forth
rhea
suffix meaning flow.
rhinitis
inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane
rickets
a disease of infants and young children caused by deficiency of vitamin D resulting in defective bone growth.
rickettsia
a genus of gram-negative, pathogenic, intracellular parasitic bacteria
rickettsiology
area of science that studies rickettsia
salpingitis
inflammation of the fallopian tube, or of the eustachian tube
sclerosis
suffix meaning hardening
secondary infection
infection caused by a different organism than the one causing the primary infection.
septicemia
condition characterized by the multiplication of bacteria in blood
signs
objective disturbances produced by disease, observed by physician, nurse or person attending patient (example: pulse, fever, heart rate).
sinusitis
inflammation of the sinus cavities
special pathology
deals with the specific features of disease in relation to particular organs or organ systems.
spina bifida
congenital defect in which part of the vertebral column is absent or incomplete closure.
spirillum (pl spirilla)
a genus of spiral bacteria having a corkscrew shape with a rigid cell wall and hair-like projections called flagella that assist in movement.
spirochete
a genus of bacteria having a flexible cell wall but no flagella in the traditional sense. Movement in these organisms occurs by contractions (undulating) of long filaments (endoflagella) that run the length of the cell.
sporadic
disease that occurs occasionally in a random or isolated manner
staphylococcus
a genus of gram-positive, nonmotile, opportunistic bacteria which tend to aggregate in irregular, grape-like clusters
stasis
suffix meaning standing still
stenosis
abnormal constriction of a channel or orifice
sterilization
process of completely removing or destroying all life forms or their products on or in a substance.
streptobacilli
a genus of bacteria containing gram-negative rods, which form a chain-like colony.
streptococci
gram-positive cocci that occur in chains.
strict (obligate) aerobe
a microbe that can only live in the presence of oxygen
strict (obligate) anaerobe
a microbe that can only survive in an area without oxygen present.
strict (obligate) parasite
parasite that is completely dependent on its living host for survival
strict (obligate) saprophyte
an organism that can only survive on dead or decaying organic matter.
suppuration
the formation of pus
surgical pathology
study of tissue specimens excised surgically in a major or minor operation
symbiosis
the living together in close association of different species
symptoms
subjective disturbances caused by disease that are felt or experienced by patient but not directly measurable (example: pain, headache).
syn
prefix meaning together with
syndrome
set of signs and symptoms associated with a particular disease (example: Down’s syndrome).
synergism
the harmonious action of two microorganisms producing an effect that neither could produce alone.
tetracocci
grouping of four spherical shaped cells
thermophile
bacteria that thrive best at high temperatures, between 40 degrees C and 70 degrees C.
thrombosis
the formation or presence of an attached blood clot
toxemia
blood distribution throughout the body of poisonous products of bacteria growing in a focal or local site, thus producing generalized symptoms.
toxin
poisonous substance of plant, animal, bacterial, or fungal origin
trophy
suffix meaning nourish
true pathogen
real or genuine disease producing organism
tubal pregnancy
implantation and development of the fertilized ovum in a uterine tube
ulcer
an open sore or lesion of skin or mucous membrane accompanied by sloughing of inflamed necrotic tissue.
uria
suffix meaning relating to urine
uremia
a toxic condition caused by retention in the blood of waste products normally excreted in the urine.
ureteritis
relating to one or both ureters
urethritis
inflammation of the urethra
valvular insufficiency
failure of a heart valve to close tightly, thus allowing regurgitation of blood.
vesicle
blister-like elevation of skin containing serous fluid
vibrio
(L. to move rapidly, vibrate) a genus of spiral bacteria which are curved or bent rods that resemble commas.
viricide
an agent destructive to viruses
virulence
relative power and degree of pathogenicity possessed by organisms to produce disease.
virus
an intracellular, infectious parasite, capable of living and reproducing only in living cells
wet gangrene
see moist gangrene
xantho
prefix meaning yellow
vaginitis
inflammation of the vagina, colpitis
