physio 6-9 Flashcards
Which of the following, if changed, cause the ventricle to operate on another Frank-Starling
curve?
Troponin sensitivit
“troponin sensitivity is both a mechanism of inotropy and frank starling so this answer
could be for both along a curve or another curve”
Which of the following, if changed, cause the ventricle to move along a single Frank-Starling
curve?
Sarcomere length
“Frank starling= SV depends on preload which depends on VR > high VR > high EDV >
high stretch of cardiomyocytes = causes more blood to be ejected from the heart = like
stretched band the more u stretch the more it will be recoil”
What will increase in response to AL increase?
A. SV
B. ESV
C. Speed of ejection
D. Shortening of myocyte
B. ESV
“High AL= less blood can leave the heart > low SV = more blood left in the heart and the
higher the ESV”
On expense of which parameter does the ESV increase when increasing the afterload?
A. SV
B. preload
C. EDV
A. SV
Decrease of which will increase the preload?
A. Ventricular compliance
B. Afterload
A. Ventricular compliance
“When you decrease compliance a small change in volume will cause a large change in
pressure, EDP (preload) will increase. In this case preload is defined as EDP not EDV.”
which of the following parameters increases as a consequence of an increased afterload?
A. myocyte shortening
B. ejection fraction
C. end diastolic volume
D. speed of ejection
E. stroke volume
C. end diastolic volume
“When AL increases = SV decreases & more blood left in the heart increasing ESV= this
increases EDV in the next beat increasing preload so AL indirectly increases the EDV in the
2nd beat”
moves across along the same ventricular function curve.
A. Venous Return
B. Sarcomere Length
C. End systolic volume
B. Sarcomere Length
(all are counted)
Increases end diastolic volume and stroke volume
A. ventricular fibrillation
B. increased preload
C. increased afterload
D. increased inotropy
E. rapid ejection
B.increased preload
Increases end systolic volume and decreases stroke volume
A. ventricular fibrillation
B. increased preload
C. increased afterload
D. increased inotropy
E. rapid ejection
C. increased afterload
What increases myocardial oxygen consumption in aortic stenosis?
A. EDV
B. Stroke work
B. Stroke work
“More P work = high SW = high CW = high O2 consumption = low CE”
What is a characteristic of Frank-starling mechanism?
A. Increased efficiency
B. Decreased oxygen consumption
C. Decreased wall stress
D. Increased ejection fraction
B. Decreased oxygen consumption
What causes an increase in stroke volume secondary (or in the next beat) to an extrasystolic
beat?
A. decreased afterload
B. Increased contractility
C. Increased ESV
D. Frank-Starling mechanism (due to compensatory pause after extrasystolic beat)
B. Increased contractility
+
D. Frank-Starling mechanism (due to compensatory pause after extrasystolic beat)
What causes a negative inotropic effect?
A. Diastolic failure
B. Increased heart rate
C. Increased Afterload
D. Systolic failure
D. Systolic failure