Physics: Unit 1; Creating The Beam: ch 2: radiation concepts Flashcards
1) What is it called when an atom never has more than 8 electrons in an outer shell?
2) What is it called when Some atoms Begin to fill in the next shell before maximum reached?
1) octet rule
2) cascade effect
1) The ability to do work?
2) the definition of work is?
1) energy
2) work= force x difference
1) What energy is the action of physical movement?
2) what are the two types?
1) Mechanical energy
2) potential
Kinetic
Energy an object has due to its position is what type of mechanical energy?
Potential
The energy of motion is what type of mechanical energy?
Kinetic
Which energy is the energy released from chemical reaction?
Chemical
Which energy is a combo of electric and magnetic field traveling through space and is man made?
Electromagnetic energy (EM)
What is the distance between two successive points on a wave?
Wavelength
Cycles per second (CPS) is measured in?
Hertz
Wavelengths are measured in?
Angstrom
Frequency is measured in
Hertz
Waves are disturbances in a medium as what theory?
Wave theory
Velocity is measured by
Velocity= frequency x wavelength
Who discovered x-rays?
Wilhelm Conrad rontgen
1) Planck’s constant Describe the relationship between photons _______ and _______?
2) What is the formula and what physicist discovered planck’sconstant?
1) energy and frequency
2) E=hv ( photon energy, plancks constant, photon frequency) Max Planck
What is it one photons come in and knock out an electron?
Particle
What theory interacts like particle when contacting matter, has a high frequency and a high energy EM radiation?
Particle theory
Physics studies that the relationship between
Matter and energy
What is energy
Is force used to do work
What is the smallest particle of a compound possessing characteristics
Molecules
What is the smallest particle of an element
Atom
What is the law Einstein created
Law of conservation of matter and energy
What is the formula for the law of conservation of matter and energy
E=mc squared
What do each letter mean in E=mc squared
E= energy
M=mass
C= constant - speed of light in a vacuum
What is it when energy is emitted in transferred through matter
Radiation
How do x-rays travel (speed)
At the speed of light (in a vacuum)
What is the ancient Greeks atomic theory
Air, water, earth, fire
Which atomic theory separated elements based on mass and lead to Mendeleev’s development of the periodic table
Dalton’s atomic theory (1800’s)
Which atomic theory concludes a dense, positive nucleus surrounded by negative electrons
Rutherfords atomic theory (1911)
Which atomic theory believed the solar system was miniature
Bohr’s atomic theory (1913)
Which atomic structure is small, dance center and contains nucleons, protons, neutrons
Nucleus
Which atomic structure orbits a nucleus and is negatively charged
Electrons
What are Protons and neutrons made up of?
Quarks
Define quantum physics
Electrons cannot be divided
Define physics
Science of nature (energy and matter)
What are responsible for almost all mass of an Atom
Protons, neutrons
What happens to and electron in order to then become a photon
Let’s hit the anode and go out a port window
What distinguishes elements by numbers of protons contained in a nucleus
Atomic number (Z#)
Maintained through equal number of protons and electrons is called
Electrical stability
What is the number of protons and neutrons in and Atom called
Atomic. Mass (A#)
Changing the what number, change is the element
Changing the Z number
What is the natural occurring gas that is found in homes and cigarettes
Radon
What is the worst particle and causes nothing but damage
Alpha
What is a gain or loss of number of neutrons that results in what
Isotope
What is it called atoms have the same number of protons and atomic number
Isotopes
Adding or removal of an electron from an atom
OR
When x-ray photons can interact with and atom resulting in injection of an electron is called?
Ionization
What defines location where electron might be at all given time
Orbital
What is the electron capacity
2n squared
What dissipates ( increasing mending point) heat, Is used in the x-ray tube, the anode/Filament is made by it and it’s atomic number is 74
Tungston
The closer electron is to the nucleus the higher the binding energy is called
Binding energy
What KVP at least, must be used to remove an inner shell electron
70 KVP
The energy of one electron was accelerated by one vote is called
Electron volts (eV) (the way you measure binding energy)
In the periodic table what indicates elements having the same number of electron shells
Horizontal periods
In the periodic table what has the same number of electrons in the outer (valence) shells
Vertical groups
