PHYSICS - TERM 1 - Forces and Motion Flashcards
What are Parallax errors?
The apparent shift in an object’s position as it is viewed from different angles.
What is a zero error?
A type of error in which an instrument gives a reading when the true reading at that time is zero.
What are 5 measurements that can be used in daily life?
Distance, mass, time, temperature, volume
What is a physical quantity?
A quantity that can be measured.
What are 2 features of physical quantities?
Numerical magnitudes and units.
What is a numerical magnitude?
The 5 in 5m
What is a unit?
A unit is an internationally accepted reference to measure a quantity.
What are SI units?
Globally accepted system for measurements.
What are Imperial units?
Another system of units, mainly used in the USA.
What are fundamental units?
Units that are completely independent.
What is the fundamental unit of Length?
Meters
What is the fundamental unit of mass?
Kilograms
What is the fundamental unit of time?
seconds
What is the fundamental unit of temperature?
Kelvin
What are the derived units of density?
kg/m^3
What are the derived units of speed and velocity?
m/s
What are the derived units of acceleration?
m/s^2
What are the derived units of force?
N / kgms^-2
What are the derived units of energy?
J
What are the derived units of power?
W
What is a scalar?
Quantities which do not have a direction but have magnitude/size
What is a vector?
Quantities which have a direction and size.
What are some examples of scalars?
volume, density, speed, distance, mass, time, temperature
What are some examples of vectors?
velocity, displacement, force, acceleration
What is distance?
Length of a path, can have a changing direction, scalar.
What is displacement?
Shortest distance between two points, has a fixed direction, vector.
What is speed?
Speed is the amount of distance travelled in a unit, it is scalar
What is velocity?
Velocity is the displacement per unit time, it is vector.
What is mass?
The amount of matter inside an object, scalar
What is weight?
The pull on a certain object from the ground (gravity on earth)
It is a force
Always acts downwards
Vector
N
What is the formula for weight?
W=mg
m=mass
g=gravitational acceleration
What is gravitational acceleration on Earth?
10N/kg
How do you calculate average speed?
Total distance travelled / total time taken
How do you calculate acceleration?
(v-u)/t
v=final velocity
u=initial velocity
