Physics - Space And Beyond Flashcards
What is in our solar system/ what does it contain?
The sun
Eight planets
Dwarf planets
Natural satellites: the moon
What is the name of the galaxy that our solar system is part of.
The milky way
Describe what a NEBULA is
A cloud of gas and dust
Describe what a PROTOSTAR is
A hot dense mass formed by increasing gravity
What is a main sequence star?
A star undergoing nuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium. It is stable due to balanced forces from the outward pressure of expanding hot gases and the stars gravity.
What are the similarities and differences between artifical satellites and moons?
Similarity: Both orbit a planet
Differences: Moons are natural and satellites are man made
What is the shape of the orbit of a planet around the sun
Circular/ elliptical
Describe and explain RED-SHIFT
RED SHIFT. Thw observed increase in wavelength of light towards the red end pf the spectrum . This is because an object is moving away so the ligghts wavelemgth increases.
Explain the link BETWEEN THE DISTANCE OF GALAXIES FROM US and RED SHIFT
The further away the galaxies are, the bogger the red shift.
Describe the BIG BANG theory
The universe started from a very small region that was HOT AND DENSE; all the matter was packed together. Something caused the expansion of the universe and it has been expanding ever since.
State some evidence for the big bang.( RF)
RED SHIFT :Provides evidence that the universe is expanding because IF something is moving away then the wavelength seems larger.
CHANGE OF GLAXIES SPEED:provides evidence of an expanding universe as the further away, the faster their speed of RECESSION
Give three examples of things we do not understand about the universe
- DARK mass
- DARK energy
- How the increase in expansion of the universe is occuring
How are RADIUS and SPEED related in an orbit
The GREATER the radius, the SLOWER the speed
What is centriputal force
A force acting towards the centre which causes an object to keep moving in a circular path
Labels for the diagram of Centiruptal force
Dotted line outside:
Force between the centre and ball(planet):
The direction of which the ball(planet)is going:
The centre:
ORBIT
CENTRIPUTAL FORCE
VELOCITY
AXIS
How are elements formed stars
Up to and including iron?
Heavier than iron?
Fusion reaction in stars
During a Supernova
How are heavier elements formed in supernovas and how are they dispersed
The temperature and pressure inside a Supernova is so large that the nuclei are forced rogether. The explosion of the supernova disperses the elements throughout the universe
How are heavier elements formed in supernovas and how are they dispersed
The temperature and pressure inside a Supernova is so large that the nuclei are forced rogether. The explosion of the supernova disperses the elements throughout the universe
What is the Geocentric model?
The Geocentric model is a model to have the Earth as the centre of the universe
What is the Heliocentric model?
The Heliocentric model is a model that has the Sun in the centre of the universe
What is a similarity and difference between the Heliocentric and Geocentric model?
A similarity is that they both have planets that orbit around them in a circular motion. A difference is that in the Geocentric model, the Earth is the centre of the universe but in the Heliocentric model, the Sun is in the centre of the universe
In India, what did they believe the Earth looked like?
In India, they believed that the Earth was resting on the back of a MASSIVE turtle
In China, what did they belive the Earth looked like?
In China, they believed that the Earth was flat and was supported by twelve pillars
In Thailand, what did they believe in that caused a Solar Eclipse?
In Thailand, they believed that a God (named “Rahu”) swallowed the Sun
What is the name for the motion that looked like planets going backwards in their orbit? (All good i got u bro)
Retrogade motion
What does Geostationary mean?
When a satellite is Geostationary, it means that satellite will stay above the same place on our Earth eg. a broadcasting satellite. It will complete one orbit in the same amount of time as the Earth.
why tf does retrograde motion happen????
🤓 It is caused by the difference in planets’ orbital speed. (let’s say mars and earth for example)
Mars moves slower in its orbit compared to earth so when we pass Mars in orbit, Mars seems to move backwards because we’re moving faster than it
-Jeeeeeemy
What is the Kepler Space observatory?
A reflecting telescope with a 95 megapixel camera attached. Used to find planets in other solar systems that may support life. It looks at the same part of the sky all the time to detect changes in intensity of radiation received to calculate the size of the planet blocking the radiation.
What is the Hubble Space telescope?( Reflecting Telescope )
Large curved mirrors that use the reflection of light to take images of objects in our Solar System and of exoplanets. The curved mirrors focus light and other radiation from distant objects. A flat mirror reflects this into the eyepiece.
What was Galileo’s telescope?
A refracting telescope with two lenses. The objective lens produces an image of a distant object while the eyepiece lens magnifies this. This was used to observe the moons of Jupiter.
Who Described gravity in the GEOcentric model
Bhaskarachya(question 32 is poop)
When was the Big Bang?
14,000,000,000 years ago (question 27 sucks)
