Physics Recall Statements Flashcards

iGCSE Physics Recall Statements in specification (i.e "know that...")

1
Q

What force opposes motion?

A

Friction is a force that opposes motion.

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2
Q

How do you find the stopping distance of a vehicle?

A

The stopping distance of a vehicle is made up of the sum of the thinking distance and the braking distance.

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3
Q

With which law is the initial linear region of a force-extension graph associated with?

A

The initial linear region of a force-extension graph is associated with Hooke’s Law.

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4
Q

How does the weight of a body act?

A

The weight of a body acts through its centre of gravity.

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5
Q

What can be used to indicate the presence of a current in a circuit?

A

Lamps and LEDs can be used to indicate the presence of a current in a circuit.

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6
Q

What is current?

A

Current is the rate of flow of charge.

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7
Q

What is an electric current in solid metallic conductors?

A

Electric current in solid metallic conductors is a flow of negatively charged electrons.

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8
Q

How do the voltages across two components connected in parallel relate?

A

The voltage across two components connected in parallel is the same.

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9
Q

What is voltage?

A

Voltage is the energy transferred per unit charge passed.

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10
Q

What is a volt?

A

The volt is a joule per coulomb.

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11
Q

State the law of the forces of attraction.

A

There are forces of attraction between unlike charges and forces of repulsion between like charges.

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12
Q

What are waves?

A

Waves transfer energy and information without transferring matter.

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13
Q

What is light?

A

Light is a part of a continuous electromagnetic spectrum that includes radio, microwave, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-ray and gamma ray radiations. All these waves travel at the same speed in free space.

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14
Q

Describe light waves.

A

Light waves are transverse waves that can be reflected and refracted.

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15
Q

Describe sound waves.

A

Sound waves are longitudinal waves which can be reflected and refracted.

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16
Q

What is the relationship between work done and energy transferred?

A

Work done is equal to energy transferred.

17
Q

What is specific heat capacity?

A

Specific heat capacity is the energy required to change the temperature of an object by one degree Celsius per kilogram of mass (J/kg°C).

18
Q

What is the relationship between Kelvin temperature of a gas and the average kinetic energy of its molecules?

A

The Kelvin temperature of a gas is proportional to the average kinetic energy of its molecules.

19
Q

State the basic law of magnets.

A

Magnets repel and attract other magnets and attract magnetic substances.

20
Q

How is magnetism induced?

A

Magnetism is induced in some materials when they are placed in a magnetic field.

21
Q

What does an electric current in a conductor produce?

A

An electric current in a conductor produces a magnetic field around it.

22
Q

How is a voltage induced?

A

A voltage is induced in a conductor or a coil when it moves through a magnetic field or when a magnetic field changes through it.

23
Q

What things are emitted from unstable nuclei in a random process.

A

Alpha particles, beta particles, and gamma rays are ionising radiations emitted from unstable nuclei in a random process.

24
Q

What can be used to detect ionising radiations?

A

Photographic film or a Geiger-Muller detector can detect ionising radiations.

25
Q

What happens to the activity of a radioactive source over a period of time?

A

The activity of a radioactive source decreases over a period of time.

26
Q

What is radioactivity measured in?

A

Radioactivity is measured in becquerels.

27
Q

What can be used as a source of energy?

A

Nuclear reactions, including fission, fusion and radioactive decay, can be a source of energy.

28
Q

List the products of a split U-235 nucleus.

A

A nucleus of U-235 can be split (by the process of fission) by collision with a neutron. This process releases energy as kinetic energy of the fission products.

29
Q

What is fusion?

A

Fusion is the energy source for stars.

30
Q

What is a universe?

A

The universe is a large collection of billions of galaxies.

31
Q

What is a galaxy?

A

A galaxy is a large collection of billions of stars.

32
Q

Where is our solar system?

A

Our solar system is in the Milky Way galaxy.

33
Q

What physical property is related to a star’s surface temperature?

A

A star’s colour is related to its surface temperature.