Physics Recall Statements Flashcards
iGCSE Physics Recall Statements in specification (i.e "know that...")
What force opposes motion?
Friction is a force that opposes motion.
How do you find the stopping distance of a vehicle?
The stopping distance of a vehicle is made up of the sum of the thinking distance and the braking distance.
With which law is the initial linear region of a force-extension graph associated with?
The initial linear region of a force-extension graph is associated with Hooke’s Law.
How does the weight of a body act?
The weight of a body acts through its centre of gravity.
What can be used to indicate the presence of a current in a circuit?
Lamps and LEDs can be used to indicate the presence of a current in a circuit.
What is current?
Current is the rate of flow of charge.
What is an electric current in solid metallic conductors?
Electric current in solid metallic conductors is a flow of negatively charged electrons.
How do the voltages across two components connected in parallel relate?
The voltage across two components connected in parallel is the same.
What is voltage?
Voltage is the energy transferred per unit charge passed.
What is a volt?
The volt is a joule per coulomb.
State the law of the forces of attraction.
There are forces of attraction between unlike charges and forces of repulsion between like charges.
What are waves?
Waves transfer energy and information without transferring matter.
What is light?
Light is a part of a continuous electromagnetic spectrum that includes radio, microwave, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-ray and gamma ray radiations. All these waves travel at the same speed in free space.
Describe light waves.
Light waves are transverse waves that can be reflected and refracted.
Describe sound waves.
Sound waves are longitudinal waves which can be reflected and refracted.
What is the relationship between work done and energy transferred?
Work done is equal to energy transferred.
What is specific heat capacity?
Specific heat capacity is the energy required to change the temperature of an object by one degree Celsius per kilogram of mass (J/kg°C).
What is the relationship between Kelvin temperature of a gas and the average kinetic energy of its molecules?
The Kelvin temperature of a gas is proportional to the average kinetic energy of its molecules.
State the basic law of magnets.
Magnets repel and attract other magnets and attract magnetic substances.
How is magnetism induced?
Magnetism is induced in some materials when they are placed in a magnetic field.
What does an electric current in a conductor produce?
An electric current in a conductor produces a magnetic field around it.
How is a voltage induced?
A voltage is induced in a conductor or a coil when it moves through a magnetic field or when a magnetic field changes through it.
What things are emitted from unstable nuclei in a random process.
Alpha particles, beta particles, and gamma rays are ionising radiations emitted from unstable nuclei in a random process.
What can be used to detect ionising radiations?
Photographic film or a Geiger-Muller detector can detect ionising radiations.
What happens to the activity of a radioactive source over a period of time?
The activity of a radioactive source decreases over a period of time.
What is radioactivity measured in?
Radioactivity is measured in becquerels.
What can be used as a source of energy?
Nuclear reactions, including fission, fusion and radioactive decay, can be a source of energy.
List the products of a split U-235 nucleus.
A nucleus of U-235 can be split (by the process of fission) by collision with a neutron. This process releases energy as kinetic energy of the fission products.
What is fusion?
Fusion is the energy source for stars.
What is a universe?
The universe is a large collection of billions of galaxies.
What is a galaxy?
A galaxy is a large collection of billions of stars.
Where is our solar system?
Our solar system is in the Milky Way galaxy.
What physical property is related to a star’s surface temperature?
A star’s colour is related to its surface temperature.
