PHYSICS PAPER ONE Flashcards
NEWTONS FIRST LAW OF MOTION
A body will remain in its state of rest or uniform velocity unless a non-zero net/ resultant force acts on it.
NEWTONS SECOND LAW OF MOTION
when a net, resultant force acts on an object, the object will accelerate in the direction of the force at an acceleration directly proportional to the force and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.
NEWTONS THIRD LAW OF MOTION
When object A exerts a force on object B object B simultaneously exerts a force of equal magnitude on object A in the opposite direction.
NEWTONS UNIVERSAL LAW OF GRAVITATION
Each body in the universe attracts every other body with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the squared distance between their centers.
momentum of an object
the product of mass and velocity for that object
conservation of linear momentum
the total LINEAR momentum of an ISOLATED SYSTEM remains CONSTANT
work-energy theorem
The net/total work done on an object is equal to the objects change in kinetic energy,
conservative force
work done in moving an object between two points is independent of path taken.
Example: gravitational force
non-conservative force
The work done in moving an object between two points is dependent on the path taken.
Example: friction, air resistance, tension, F-applied
Conservation of mechanical energy
The total mechanical energy (Gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy) in an isolated system remains constant
Power
rate at which work is done or energy is expended (transferred or transformed)
Coulombs Law
The magnitude of the force exerted by one point charge on another point charge is directly proportional to the product of the magnitudes of the charges and inversely proportional to the squared distance between them.
electric field
and
Electric field at a point
region in space in which an electric charge experiences a force. Direction of an electric field at a point is the direction a positive test charge would move if placed at that point.
electrostatic force experienced per unit positive charge placed at that point
Ohms law
the potential difference across a resistor is directly proportional to the current in the conductor at a constant temperature.
power
rate at which work is done
root mean square value of AC voltage (RMS)
the rms of an AC circuit is the voltage of a DC circuit that delivers the same energy output as the AC circuit
photoelectric effect
the process whereby electrons are ejected from a metal surface when a light of suitable frequency is incident on the surface.
Threshold frequency (Fo - meant to be subscript zero)
the minimum frequency of light needed to emit electrons from a certain metal surface
Work function (Wo - meant to be subscript zero)
minimum energy that an electron in a metal surface needs to be emitted from the metal surface
An atomic ABSORPTION spectrum is formed when…
certain frequencies of electromagnetic radiation that passes through a medium (eg a cold gas) is absorbed.
an atomic EMISSION spectrum is formed when…
certain frequencies of electromagnetic radiation are emitted due to an atoms electrons making a transition from a high-energy state to a lower energy state.
