Physics Paper 1 Flashcards
Its in the name mate
Specific heat capacity test
- Set up apparatus, insulated beaker, stirrer, heating coil in water connected to 24v supply, voltmeter in parallel with coil and ammeter to measure current.
- Measure the starting temperature.
- Switch on electric heater for 1 minute.
- Measure end temperature.
- Measure the voltage and current to find the power.
- Repeat for different liquids.
- Calculate specific heat capacity
- Repeat experiement and compare results to make sure they’re accurate
Thermal insulators test
- Take 4 test tubes and wrap each in a different type of insulation.
- Fill each test tube with hot water and measure start temperature of each.
- Start stopwatch and record temperature every minute for 10 minutes.
- Plot results in a graph of time against temperature.
- Work out which insulator is the best, which insulator made the test tube change temperature the least
Test to investigate factors that affect resistance of an electrical component
- Set up standard circuit, variable resistor, voltmeter parallel to component, ammeter, cell
- Pre-test circuit and adjust supply voltage to ensure difference in readings at low and high temperatures
- Record voltage and current at a range of different lengths of wire, using crocodile clips to grip wire at different points.
- Use variable resistor to keep current through the wire the same at each length.
- Use voltage and current measurements to calculate resistance. V=IR
Investigation for density of solids and liquids
- Set up equipment, pour water in to a measuring cylinder.
- Record height of water in the cylinder and the mass of the solid/liquid being tested.
- Add the solid/liquid in to the cylinder.
- Record the new height in the cylinder
- Subtract the original height from the new height, this gives the volume of the solid/liquid
- Calculate density. P=M/V
Specific heat capacity test variables
Independent variable - type of liquid
Dependent variable - temperature
Control variables - amount of liquid and energy provided
Thermal insulator test variables
Independent variable - type of insulation
Dependent variable - temperature
Control variables - the times the temperature is measured, volume of water in each test tube and thickness of insulating material
Factors that affect resistance of an electrical component test variables
Independent variables - Length of wire
Dependent variable - voltage
Control variable - current
Density test variables
Independent variable - material being tested
Dependent variable - volume and mass
Control variable - temperature
Specific heat capacity test errors/hazards
If temperature rise is too high energy loss to surroundings will affect results
Electric heater is very hot
Liquids become hot and could boil or spit so safety goggles should be worn
Heater shouldnt be left on longer than necessary, turn off after each test
Thermal insulators test errors/hazards
A cooling curve should be a smooth curved line, if temperature goes up or down suddenly it is an anomalous result
Hot water could scald, care must be taken pouring water in test tubes
If water is spilt on insulating material it will affect results
Test tubes should be allowed to cool before disposal
Factors of electrical components test errors/hazards
Current running through wire causes it to be very hot, to avoid being burned use a low supply voltage and a variable resistor to keep current low.
If circuit becomes too hot this also affects the resistance of the circuit
Density test errors/hazards
If a solid less dense than water is tested, volume measurement will be incorrect because the solid isnt fully submerged
When reading from measuring cylinder use the bottom of the meniscus
An increase in temperature could cause material or water to change volume through expansion
Very few hazards, main hazard is a slip hazard if water is spilt
