Physics - P6: Waves Flashcards
What actually is a wave?
Waves are repeated vibrations that transfer energy without transferring matter
One part of the wave knocks into nearby parts
What is the difference between a longitudinal wave and a transverse wave?
Transverse waves: Waves where the points along its length vibrate at 90 degrees to the direction of energy transfer
- energy is perpendicular to wave motion
Longitudinal waves: Waves where the points along its length vibrate parallel to the direction of energy transfer
- energy is in the same direction as wave motion
Describe the differences in the properties of longitudinal and transverse waves
Give examples of transverse waves
- Electromagnetic waves
- Water waves
- Earthquakes
Give examples of longitudinal waves
- Sound waves
- Ultrasound
- Springs
- Pressure waves in liquids and gases
What is the difference between compression and rarefaction in longitudinal waves?
Compression = high regions of wave density
Rarefactions = low regions of wave density
Draw a transverse wave diagram and label it up
What is the amplitude of a wave?
the maximum displacement of a point on a wave away from its undisturbed position
Define wavelength
It is the distance from a point on one wave to the equivalent point on the adjacent wave
What is the frequency of a wave?
is the number of waves passing a point each second
Define a period
time it takes for one complete vibration or oscillation, in seconds
What is the wave speed?
the speed at which the energy is transferred (or the wave moves) through the medium
What is the equation for working out the period of a wave?
All waves obey which equation?
Wave equation:
wave speed = frequency × wavelength
