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FEU Test Reviewer > Physics Lecture > Flashcards

Physics Lecture Flashcards

1
Q

Module 1

Branch of science which deals
with the study of the behavior of fluids

A

Fluid Mechanics

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2
Q

Gas is a type of liquid (T/F)

A

TRUE

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3
Q

Liquid is a type of liquid (T/F)

A

TRUE

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4
Q

Any substance that can flow either a liquid or a gas

A

Fluid

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5
Q

Study of fluids at rest or equilibrium
situations

A

Fluid Statics

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6
Q

Study of fluids in motion.

A

Fluid Dynamics

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7
Q

Defined as mass per unit volume

A

Density

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8
Q

A homogenous material such as iron or ice has _________________________

A

same density throughout

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9
Q

The ____________ of a material is the ratio of its density to the density of water (1000kg/m^3).

A

Relative Density (Pr)

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10
Q

Amount of force
exerted on a given area

A

Pressure (Pa, Pascal)

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11
Q

This principle states that “an external pressure
applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted uniformly
throughout the volume of the liquid.

A

Pascal’s Principle

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12
Q

Enumerate the 4 properties of fluid pressure.

A

The forces exerted by a fluid on the walls of its
container are always perpendicular.

The fluid pressure is directly proportional to the
depth of the fluid and to its density.

At any particular depth, the fluid pressure is the
same in all directions.

Fluid pressure is independent of the shape or area of
its container.

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13
Q

This principle states that ‘the magnitude of the buoyant force on
an object always equals the weight of the
fluid displaced by the object.’

A

Archimedes Principle

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14
Q

This principle states that ‘an object that is completely or partially submerged in a fluid experiences an upward buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced.’

A

Archimedes Principle

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15
Q

Module 2

It is the degree of hotness of an object and it can be measured by thermometer.

A

Temperature (C,F,K)

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16
Q

The energy which travels from high temperature to low temperature in a matter.

A

Heat

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17
Q

It is also called thermal or internal energy.

A

Heat

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18
Q

Heat is the energy which travels from low temperature to high temperature in a matter. (T/F)

A

FALSE, HIGH TO LOW

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19
Q

The branch of physics that deals with the study of temperature, heat energy and their
relation to matter.

A

Thermal Physics

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20
Q

When objects are heated or cooled, the temperature changes and some properties of the materials change

A

Thermometric Properties

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21
Q

Common liquid element used in thermometer.

A

Mercury

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22
Q

Mercury freezes at ____ degrees Celsius and boils at _____ degrees Celsius.

A

-39, 357

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23
Q

All matters ____________ when heated because of the increase in the
vibration of the molecules.

A

expand

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24
Q

Describe the thermal expansion of solids, liquids, and gases.

A

Solids - EXPANSION JOINTS expands when heated. Particles do not move much nor expand freely.

Liquids - MERCURY expands when heated. Particles move more freely and expand more than in solids.

Gases - GAS expands when heated. Particles are farther apart and move much more freely than in liquids and expand more.

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25
Q

For moderate temperature changes, change in length
is ___________ proportional to change in temperature.

A

directly

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26
Q

When an object
undergoes thermal
expansion, any holes in
the object expand as
well. (T/F)

A

TRUE

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27
Q

Increasing temperature usually causes increases in
volume for both solid and liquid materials. (T/F)

A

TRUE

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28
Q

Energy transfer that takes
place solely because of
temperature difference is
called ____________________
and energy transferred in this
way is called ______

A

heat flow or heat transfer, HEAT

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29
Q

According to Joule, the temperature rise is ______ proportional to the amount of work
done.

A

directly

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30
Q

This means measuring heat.

A

Calorimetry

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31
Q
  1. Transfer of heat energy by molecular and electron collision
    within a substance (especially solid))
  2. Materials that transfer heat through this manner is referred
    to as ___________________
  3. Solids are _________ conductors because their molecules are closer
    to each other and liquids and gases are _______ conductors
    since their molecules are farther from each other
A
  1. Conduction
  2. Conductors
  3. good, poor/bad
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32
Q

Transfer of heat energy in a gas or liquid by means
of currents in the heated fluid. The fluid moves
carrying energy with it

A

Convection

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33
Q

Refers to the transfer of energy at
the speed of light through
electromagnetic waves

A

Radiation

34
Q

Energy that is so radiated in a form of electromagnetic waves

A

Radiant Energy

35
Q

Dark, rough surfaces ________ more radiant energy and produce heat. Light, smooth materials reflect radiant energy and produce ______ heat

A

absorb, less

36
Q

Defined as the amount of heat required to raise
the temperature of 1 gram of water from 14.5°C to 15.5°C

A

Calorie

37
Q

The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 pound (weight) of
water 1°F

A

British Thermal Unit (BTU)

38
Q

The quantity of heat Q required to increase the temperature of a
mass m of a certain material from T 1 to T 2, is found to be
____________ to the change in temperature and the mass of the
material.

A

proportional

39
Q

__________ is the amount of heat required to raise the
temperature by 1°C for the mass of 1kg.

A

Specific heat (c)

40
Q

What law does the following statement pertain to,

‘If C is initially in thermal equilibrium with both A and B, then A and B are also in
thermal equilibrium with each other.’

A

Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics

41
Q

What principle does the following statement pertain to,

Two systems are in thermal equilibrium if and only if they have the same
temperature.

A

Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics

42
Q

What principle states that ‘the amount of energy that leaves a body is equal the
amount of energy that enters another body in an isolated system’

A

Conservation of Energy

43
Q

A branch of science that deals with the properties of matter and
their changes due to the effects of heat and work

A

Thermodynamics

44
Q

The study of heat and work

A

Thermodynamics

45
Q

Property pertaining to ‘‘degree of hotness”

A

Temperature

46
Q

Property pertaining to ‘‘force per unit area”

A

Pressure

47
Q

Property pertaining to ‘‘mass per unit volume”

A

Density

48
Q

results when heat is absorbed or released without a change in temperature

A

PHASE CHANGE

49
Q

Amount of heat required to change a substance from solid to liquid

A

Latent Heat of Fusion

50
Q

Amount of heat required to change a substance from liquid to gas

A

Latent Heat of Vaporization

51
Q

Module 3

The word “electric” is derived from the Greek word ________, meaning ____________.

A

elektron, amber

52
Q

An invisible force in nature consisting of
two electrical charges, the proton and electron

A

Electricity

53
Q

A property of matter that causes it to produce and
experience electrical and magnetic effect

A

Electrical Charge

54
Q

The unit of electrical charge is named after ______________

A

Charles Augustin De Coulomb

55
Q

Two positive charges or two negative charges _____ each other

while

A positive and a negative charge ______ each other.

A

repel, attract

56
Q

When a material has an ________ number of electrons, it has a negative
electrical charge

A

excess

57
Q

When a material has a _________ of electrons,
it has a positive electrical charge.

A

deficiency

58
Q

Enumerate the 4 properties of charge

A

(1) Quantization of Charge : Electric charge can have only discrete values,
that is, charge is quantized.

(2) Charge is always associated with mass : A charge cannot exist without
mass, though a mass can exist without charge.

(3) Conservation of charge : Electric charge is always conserved in an
isolated system.

(4) Invariance of charge : Numerical value of a charge is independent of the
frame of reference.

59
Q

Charging that involves contact

A

CONDUCTION

60
Q

Materials that permit electric charge to move easily from
one region of the material to another.

A

CONDUCTORS

61
Q

Material that do not easily permit the electric charge to
flow.

A

INSULATORS

62
Q

Is a material that has an intermediate property of
conductor and insulator.

A

SEMICONDUCTOR

63
Q

Charging process that does not involve
contact

A

INDUCTION

64
Q

Objects are rubbed with each other and
charges transfer

A

FRICTION

65
Q

The charges within the molecules of an insulating material can shift
slightly.

A

POLARIZATION ( atomic level of separation of charges
in insulators)

66
Q

This principle states that ‘The magnitude of the electric force between two point
charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them’

A

COULOMB’S LAW

67
Q

According to Coulomb’s Law, when the charges are of the
same sign, the force is ________

A

repulsive

68
Q

According to Coulomb’s Law, when the charges are of
opposite signs, the force is
________

A

attractive

69
Q

Module 4

Defined as the area where electrical force can be experienced

A

Electric Field

70
Q

A charged body creates an electric field in the space
around it. (T/F)

A

TRUE

71
Q

Defined as the force per unit charge experienced by a stationary point charge in a given location in a field

A

Electric Field

72
Q

The electric field _______________ from a positive charge and _________ a negative charge and the electric field strength/magnitude decreases with distance

A

points away, toward

73
Q

Who first introduced the concept of field lines? He
called them “lines of force” but the term “field lines” is preferable.

A

Michael Faraday (1791-1867)

74
Q

An _____________ is an imaginary line or
curve drawn through a region of empty space so
that its tangent at any point is in the direction of
the electric field vector at that point.

(di ko na tinapos M4 after this)

A

electric field line

75
Q

Module 5

The energy that charged particles such as electrons and protons have because
of its own electric charge and its relative position to other charged particles.

A

Electric potential energy

76
Q

A scalar quantity equal to the product of the
displacement x and the component of the force Fx in the
direction of the displacement.

A

Work

77
Q

Ability to do work by virtue of position or condition.

A

Potential Energy

78
Q

Ability to do work by virtue of motion. (Mass with velocity)

A

Kinetic Energy

79
Q

The work done by a resultant force is equal to the change in kinetic energy that it produces.

A

The Work-Energy Theorem

80
Q

The amount of work done is equal to the
change in potential energy. (T/F)

A

TRUE

81
Q
A

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