Physics Lecture

Question 1

Module 1

Branch of science which deals
with the study of the behavior of fluids

Answer 1

Fluid Mechanics

Question 2

Gas is a type of liquid (T/F)

Answer 2

TRUE

Question 3

Liquid is a type of liquid (T/F)

Answer 3

TRUE

Question 4

Any substance that can flow either a liquid or a gas

Answer 4

Fluid

Question 5

Study of fluids at rest or equilibrium
situations

Answer 5

Fluid Statics

Question 6

Study of fluids in motion.

Answer 6

Fluid Dynamics

Question 7

Defined as mass per unit volume

Answer 7

Density

Question 8

A homogenous material such as iron or ice has _________________________

Answer 8

same density throughout

Question 9

The ____________ of a material is the ratio of its density to the density of water (1000kg/m^3).

Answer 9

Relative Density (Pr)

Question 10

Amount of force
exerted on a given area

Answer 10

Pressure (Pa, Pascal)

Question 11

This principle states that “an external pressure
applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted uniformly
throughout the volume of the liquid.

Answer 11

Pascal’s Principle

Question 12

Enumerate the 4 properties of fluid pressure.

Answer 12

The forces exerted by a fluid on the walls of its
container are always perpendicular.

The fluid pressure is directly proportional to the
depth of the fluid and to its density.

At any particular depth, the fluid pressure is the
same in all directions.

Fluid pressure is independent of the shape or area of
its container.

Question 13

This principle states that ‘the magnitude of the buoyant force on
an object always equals the weight of the
fluid displaced by the object.’

Answer 13

Archimedes Principle

Question 14

This principle states that ‘an object that is completely or partially submerged in a fluid experiences an upward buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced.’

Answer 14

Archimedes Principle

Question 15

Module 2

It is the degree of hotness of an object and it can be measured by thermometer.

Answer 15

Temperature (C,F,K)

Question 16

The energy which travels from high temperature to low temperature in a matter.

Answer 16

Heat

Question 17

It is also called thermal or internal energy.

Answer 17

Heat

Question 18

Heat is the energy which travels from low temperature to high temperature in a matter. (T/F)

Answer 18

FALSE, HIGH TO LOW

Question 19

The branch of physics that deals with the study of temperature, heat energy and their
relation to matter.

Answer 19

Thermal Physics

Question 20

When objects are heated or cooled, the temperature changes and some properties of the materials change

Answer 20

Thermometric Properties

Question 21

Common liquid element used in thermometer.

Answer 21

Mercury

Question 22

Mercury freezes at ____ degrees Celsius and boils at _____ degrees Celsius.

Answer 22

-39, 357

Question 23

All matters ____________ when heated because of the increase in the
vibration of the molecules.

Answer 23

expand

Question 24

Describe the thermal expansion of solids, liquids, and gases.

Answer 24

Solids - EXPANSION JOINTS expands when heated. Particles do not move much nor expand freely.

Liquids - MERCURY expands when heated. Particles move more freely and expand more than in solids.

Gases - GAS expands when heated. Particles are farther apart and move much more freely than in liquids and expand more.

Question 25

For moderate temperature changes, change in length is ___________ proportional to change in temperature.

Answer 25

directly

Question 26

When an object undergoes thermal expansion, any holes in the object expand as well. (T/F)

Answer 26

TRUE

Question 27

Increasing temperature usually causes increases in volume for both solid and liquid materials. (T/F)

Answer 27

TRUE

Question 28

Energy transfer that takes place solely because of temperature difference is called ____________________ and energy transferred in this way is called ______

Answer 28

heat flow or heat transfer, HEAT

Question 29

According to Joule, the temperature rise is ______ proportional to the amount of work done.

Answer 29

directly

Question 30

This means measuring heat.

Answer 30

Calorimetry

Question 31

1. Transfer of heat energy by molecular and electron collision within a substance (especially solid)) 2. Materials that transfer heat through this manner is referred to as ___________________ 3. Solids are _________ conductors because their molecules are closer to each other and liquids and gases are _______ conductors since their molecules are farther from each other

Answer 31

1. Conduction 2. Conductors 3. good, poor/bad

Question 32

Transfer of heat energy in a gas or liquid by means of currents in the heated fluid. The fluid moves carrying energy with it

Answer 32

Convection

Question 33

Refers to the transfer of energy at the speed of light through electromagnetic waves

Answer 33

Radiation

Question 34

Energy that is so radiated in a form of electromagnetic waves

Answer 34

Radiant Energy

Question 35

Dark, rough surfaces ________ more radiant energy and produce heat. Light, smooth materials reflect radiant energy and produce ______ heat

Answer 35

absorb, less

Question 36

Defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water from 14.5°C to 15.5°C

Answer 36

Calorie

Question 37

The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 pound (weight) of water 1°F

Answer 37

British Thermal Unit (BTU)

Question 38

The quantity of heat Q required to increase the temperature of a mass m of a certain material from T 1 to T 2, is found to be ____________ to the change in temperature and the mass of the material.

Answer 38

proportional

Question 39

__________ is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature by 1°C for the mass of 1kg.

Answer 39

Specific heat (c)

Question 40

What law does the following statement pertain to, 'If C is initially in thermal equilibrium with both A and B, then A and B are also in thermal equilibrium with each other.'

Answer 40

Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics

Question 41

What principle does the following statement pertain to, Two systems are in thermal equilibrium if and only if they have the same temperature.

Answer 41

Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics

Question 42

What principle states that 'the amount of energy that leaves a body is equal the amount of energy that enters another body in an isolated system'

Answer 42

Conservation of Energy

Question 43

A branch of science that deals with the properties of matter and their changes due to the effects of heat and work

Answer 43

Thermodynamics

Question 44

The study of heat and work

Answer 44

Thermodynamics

Question 45

Property pertaining to ''degree of hotness"

Answer 45

Temperature

Question 46

Property pertaining to ''force per unit area"

Answer 46

Pressure

Question 47

Property pertaining to ''mass per unit volume"

Answer 47

Density

Question 48

results when heat is absorbed or released without a change in temperature

Answer 48

PHASE CHANGE

Question 49

Amount of heat required to change a substance from solid to liquid

Answer 49

Latent Heat of Fusion

Question 50

Amount of heat required to change a substance from liquid to gas

Answer 50

Latent Heat of Vaporization

Question 51

Module 3 The word “electric” is derived from the Greek word ________, meaning ____________.

Answer 51

elektron, amber

Question 52

An invisible force in nature consisting of two electrical charges, the proton and electron

Answer 52

Electricity

Question 53

A property of matter that causes it to produce and experience electrical and magnetic effect

Answer 53

Electrical Charge

Question 54

The unit of electrical charge is named after ______________

Answer 54

Charles Augustin De Coulomb

Question 55

Two positive charges or two negative charges _____ each other while A positive and a negative charge ______ each other.

Answer 55

repel, attract

Question 56

When a material has an ________ number of electrons, it has a negative electrical charge

Answer 56

excess

Question 57

When a material has a _________ of electrons, it has a positive electrical charge.

Answer 57

deficiency

Question 58

Enumerate the 4 properties of charge

Answer 58

(1) Quantization of Charge : Electric charge can have only discrete values, that is, charge is quantized. (2) Charge is always associated with mass : A charge cannot exist without mass, though a mass can exist without charge. (3) Conservation of charge : Electric charge is always conserved in an isolated system. (4) Invariance of charge : Numerical value of a charge is independent of the frame of reference.

Question 59

Charging that involves contact

Answer 59

CONDUCTION

Question 60

Materials that permit electric charge to move easily from one region of the material to another.

Answer 60

CONDUCTORS

Question 61

Material that do not easily permit the electric charge to flow.

Answer 61

INSULATORS

Question 62

Is a material that has an intermediate property of conductor and insulator.

Answer 62

SEMICONDUCTOR

Question 63

Charging process that does not involve contact

Answer 63

INDUCTION

Question 64

Objects are rubbed with each other and charges transfer

Answer 64

FRICTION

Question 65

The charges within the molecules of an insulating material can shift slightly.

Answer 65

POLARIZATION ( atomic level of separation of charges in insulators)

Question 66

This principle states that 'The magnitude of the electric force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them'

Answer 66

COULOMB'S LAW

Question 67

According to Coulomb's Law, when the charges are of the same sign, the force is ________

Answer 67

repulsive

Question 68

According to Coulomb's Law, when the charges are of opposite signs, the force is ________

Answer 68

attractive

Question 69

Module 4 Defined as the area where electrical force can be experienced

Answer 69

Electric Field

Question 70

A charged body creates an electric field in the space around it. (T/F)

Answer 70

TRUE

Question 71

Defined as the force per unit charge experienced by a stationary point charge in a given location in a field

Answer 71

Electric Field

Question 72

The electric field _______________ from a positive charge and _________ a negative charge and the electric field strength/magnitude decreases with distance

Answer 72

points away, toward

Question 73

Who first introduced the concept of field lines? He called them “lines of force” but the term “field lines” is preferable.

Answer 73

Michael Faraday (1791-1867)

Question 74

An _____________ is an imaginary line or curve drawn through a region of empty space so that its tangent at any point is in the direction of the electric field vector at that point. (di ko na tinapos M4 after this)

Answer 74

electric field line

Question 75

Module 5 The energy that charged particles such as electrons and protons have because of its own electric charge and its relative position to other charged particles.

Answer 75

Electric potential energy

Question 76

A scalar quantity equal to the product of the displacement x and the component of the force Fx in the direction of the displacement.

Answer 76

Work

Question 77

Ability to do work by virtue of position or condition.

Answer 77

Potential Energy

Question 78

Ability to do work by virtue of motion. (Mass with velocity)

Answer 78

Kinetic Energy

Question 79

The work done by a resultant force is equal to the change in kinetic energy that it produces.

Answer 79

The Work-Energy Theorem

Question 80

The amount of work done is equal to the change in potential energy. (T/F)

Answer 80

TRUE