Physics - Keywords Flashcards
A vector quantity has …….
A magnitude (size) and a direction
A scalar quantity has …….
A magnitude (size) only
Distance is ……..
Just how far an object has moved
Displacement measures …….
The distance and direction in a straight line from an object’s starting point to its finishing point
Speed is …….
Just how fast you’re going with no regard to the direction
Velocity is …….
Speed in a given direction
Acceleration is ……
The change in velocity in a certain amount of time
Newton’s First Law states …….
’ if the resultant force on a stationary object is zero, the object will remain stationary. If the resultant force on a moving object is zero, it’ll just carry on moving at the same velocity (same speed and direction)
Mass is ………
The amount of stuff in an object
Weight is ……..
The force acting on an object due to gravity
Newton’s Third Law states………
’ when two objects interact, the forces they exert on each other are equal and opposite ‘
Momentum is …….
A property that all moving objects have
The law of conservation states …….
Energy can be stored, transferred between stores and dissipated but it can never be created or destroyed
Amplitude is……..
The maximum height of the wave from a displacement point
Wavelength is….
The distance from peak to peak
A wave transfers……..
Energy and information without transferring matter
The frequency of a wave passing a stationary point is …….
How many waves there are per second
The period of a wave is……
How long one wave takes
Newton’s Second Law states…..
The larger the resultant force acting on an object, the more the object accelerates - the force and acceleration are directly proportional.
F= m x a
Mechanical energy transfer is….
A force acting on an object
E.g. pushing, stretching, squashing
Electrical energy transfer is…..
A charge doing work against resistance
E.g. charges moving round a circuit
Heat energy transfer is….
Energy transferred from a hotter object to a colder object
E.g. heating a pan on a hob
Radioactive energy transfer is…
Energy transferred by waves
E.g. energy from the sun reaching earth by light
Traverse waves are…..
The oscillations which are perpendicular at 90° to the direction the wave travels.
- electromagnetic waves
- S-waves ( type of seismic wave )
- Ripples and waves in water
Longitudinal waves are…..
The vibrations which are parallel to the direction the wave travels .
- sound waves
- P-waves ( a seismic wave )
Electromagnetic waves are…..
Traverse waves. They all travel at the same speed through a vacuum. But they travel at different speeds in different materials.
An Isotope is ….
Is an element with the same number of protons and electrons and different number of neutrons which changes the mass number.
Alpha radiation is….
When an alpha particle is emitted from the nucleus. An alpha particle is two neutron and two protons ( like a helium nucleus )
Half life is ….
The time taken for half the radioactive nuclei to decay
Activity of a …..
Sample is how many nuclei that haven’t yet destroyed
Beta Minus decay involves a…
Down quark changing into and up quark ~ a neutron becomes a proton and emits an electron
Beta Plus decay involves an….
Up quark changing into a down quark ~ a proton becomes a neutron and emits a positron
