Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Respiratory Fall 2012 > Physics & Gases > Flashcards

Physics & Gases Flashcards

1
Q

Kinetic energy

A

The energy that an object possesses when it is in motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Potential energy

A

Stored energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

States of matter

A

Solid
Liquid
Gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Kinetic energy of solids

A

Very little, strong bonds, incompressible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Kinetic energy in liquids

A

Some activity, cohesive forces not as strong

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Kinetic energy in gas

A

Greatest amount of energy, highly compressible, weakest bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Kelvin to Celsius

A

K=C+273

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Melting point

A

Temperature at which solid converts to liquid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Freezing point

A

Temperature at which liquid changes to solid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Boiling point

A

Temperature at which liquid converts to gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Latent heat

A

The amount of heat that must be added to a substance to cause a complete change of state

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Sublimation

A

Molecules can completely bypass the liquid state and chage directly to gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Evaporation

A

Occurs when some of the liquid molecules gain enough energy to break through the surface and become gaseous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Critical temperature

A

The temperature above which gaseous molecules cannot be converted back to liquid no matter the pressure exerted on them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Critical pressure

A

Pressure that must be applied to the substance at critical temperature to maintain equilibrium between liquid and gas phases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Types of pressure

A

Cwp, psi, mmHg, kPa, torr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Atmospheric pressure

A

The pressure that atmospheric gases exert on objects within the earths atmosphere

Sea level 760mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Pressure equivalents

A

760 mmHg
1034 cwp
14.7 psi
1 ATM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Cwp/mmHg conversion

A

Cwp X .735=mmHg
Cwp/70.34=psi
1.36 X mmHg = cwp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Composition of air

A

Nitrogen 78%
Oxygen 20.9%
CO2 0.03%
Trace gases .9%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Viscosity

A

Force opposing the flow of fluid or gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Factors affecting viscosity

A

Cohesive forces and kinetic activity
Increased temp of liquid will DECREASE viscosity
Increased temp of gas will INCREASE viscosity

23
Q

Surface tension

A

Cohesive forces between liquid molecules at a gas-liquid interface

24
Q

Boyles law

A

The volume that gas occupies when it is maintained at a constant TEMPERATURE is inversely proportional to the absolute pressure
V1P1=V2P2

25
Q

Charles law

A

The volume of gas at a constant pressure increases proportionally with increased temp
Temp in Kelvin
V1/T1=V2/T2

26
Q

Gay-Lussac’s law

A

Volume of gas is held constant the gas pressure rises as the absolute temp rises
p1/t1=p2/t2

27
Q

Combined gas law

A

Absolute pressure of a gas is inversely related to the volume it occupies and directly to its Absolute temperature
P1v1/t1=p2v2/t2

28
Q

Dalton’s law of partial pressure

A

The absolute pressure of a gas mixture equals the total pressure of the system

29
Q

Avogadro’s law

A

Equal volumes of gas at the same pressure And temperature contain the same number of molecules
1 mole is 6.02X10^23

30
Q

Diffusion

A

Movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentration

31
Q

Graham’s las

A

Rate of diffusion is inversely proportional to the square root of the mass or density
Lower density, more diffusible gas

32
Q

Henry’s law

A

The higher the partial pressure of a gas the more it will dissolve

33
Q

Ficks law

A

Diffusion across a semipermeable membrane

  • directly proportional to surface area, partial pressure gradient, solubility
  • indirectly proportional to GMW, thickness of membrane
34
Q

Laminar flow

A

Streamlined, small airways of lungs

35
Q

Turbulent

A

Chaotic, large airways

36
Q

Transitional flow

A

Mixture of laminar and turbulent flow

Occurs where tubes divide

37
Q

Poiseuille law

A

•Under conditions of laminar flow, the difference in pressure required to produce a given flow is defined by Poiseuille’s law.

38
Q

Reynolds number

A

Describes how other factors can produce turbulent flow

Faster flow is more turbulent

39
Q

Bernoulli principle

A

As the forward velocity of a gas increases its lateral pressure decreases and its forward pressure increases

Smaller jet more entrainment

40
Q

Venturi principle

A

The pressure drop that occurs distal to a constriction in a tube can be restored to the ore constriction pressure if there is a dilation in a tube distal to the constriction

41
Q

Coanda effect

A

If the wall does not have a side port for entraining another fluid, the low pressure adjacent to the wall draws the stream of fluid against the wall

42
Q

Air composition

A 
Colorless, odorless
Composed of N, O, CO2, and trace gases
Nonflammable, supports combustion
Gas or liquid
Prepared synthetically and shipped in gas cylinders
43
Q

Oxygen

A 
Colorless, odorless, tasteless 
20.9% of earths atmosphere
Nonflammable,supports combustion
Oil and grease are explosive near O2
Gas at room temp, prepared by fractional distillation 
Liquid at <-184C
44
Q

Carbon dioxide

A

Colorless, odorless
Nonflammable, does not support combustion
Solid -56C, liquid below 31.1C, gas above 31.1C
Byproduct from ammonia, lime and kilns, combustion of coal and natural gas or fractional distillation

45
Q

Helium

A 
Colorless, odorless, tasteless
Prepared from natural gas or uranium ore
Inert gas
Nonflammable, does not support combustion
Does not support life
46
Q

Nitric oxide

A 
Colorless
Nonflammable, supports combustion 
NO + air = nitrogen dioxide
Can be potent irritant to the lungs 
NO in low doses is strong vasodilator (premie PPH)
47
Q

Nitrous oxide

A

N2O, laughing gas
CNS depressant (anesthetic)
Use caution with COPD & asthmatic

48
Q

Liquid oxygen

A

Less expensive

Gaseous oxygen occupies a volume 860 X liquid O2

49
Q

Continuous supply system

A

Primary- large liquid system, refilled at reg intervals

Reserve- small liquid system or bank of cylinders, contains avg day supply

50
Q

Alternating supply system

A

Two banks of cylinders when primary empties, secondary becomes primary

51
Q

Piping systems

A

Seamless, type K or L, copper or standard wt brass, labels every 20 ft

52
Q

Zone valves

A

Isolate areas of hospital, O2 air and vacuum

- mainline entering hospital, each riser, between each zone And mainline, critical care areas and surgical suites

53
Q

O2 concentrator

A 
Produce enriched oxygen from ATM air
Semipermeable - air diffused
Molecular sieve- N2 removed by pellets
Less than 6lpm 92-97%
10lpm 50%

Respiratory Fall 2012 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions