Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physics > Physics Final Ka Year 10 > Flashcards

Physics Final Ka Year 10 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Physics 101 flashcards AP® Physics flashcards
1
Q

What is the equation for density?

A

Density = mass ÷ volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What do you find the volume of a regular shape?

A

Volume = L x W x H

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the density of water?

A

1g/cm³

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How do you find the density of an irregular shape?

A

Volume: Fill measuring cylinder with 100ml of water. Place object in water and measure the difference.
Mass: weigh the object.
Density: mass ÷ volume
Units - g/cm³

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

When measuring the density of an irregular object in water what does it mean when the object floats or sinks

A

If it floats it is less dense than water (below 1g/cm³).

If it sinks it is denser than water (above 1g/cm³).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the word for a solid turning into a gas?

A

Sublimation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Explain the particles in a solid, liquid and gas

A

Solid: there are strong forces holding the particles in a fixed pattern.
Liquid: some of the particles break and are less organised but they are still close together
Gas: the remaining bonds are all broken and the particles move randomly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which state of matter can be compressed most easily?

A

Gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which state of matter do the particles have the most energy?

A

Gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Do particles in a solid stay still?

A

No they vibrate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Explain shape and volume in the three states of matter

A

Solid: has a fixed shape and volume

Liquid: no fixed shape, fixed volume

Gas: does not have fixed shape or volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Explain the internal energy

A

The internal energy is made up from the kinetic energy of the moving particles and the potential energy as bonds are stretched. Heating a solid increases it’s internal energy because the particles move further and faster. When the material changes the state we don’t lose any particles and so the mass stays the same.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which particles leave the quickest when evaporation takes place

A

The most energetic ones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Why do you feel cold when you are wet?

A

Your skin is using energy to evaporate the water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is an example of condensation?

A

When water molecules in the air from a liquid on a window

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

If the units of mass are kg, and the volume m³, what are the units of density?

A

Kg/m³

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

If the units of mass are g, and the volume m³, what are the units of density?

A

g/cm³

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the latent heat of fusion?

A

The energy needed to change a solid into a liquid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the equation for energy (involving latent heat)

A

Energy = mass x specific latent heat of fusion

E= M x Lf

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the units for latent heat of fusion?

A

J/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is latent heat of vaporisation?

A

The energy needed to change a liquid into a gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the equation for energy (including latent heat of vaporisation)

A

Energy = mass x latent heat of vaporisation

E= M x Lv

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the units for energy?

A

J

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The latent heat of fusion of a substance is 500J/kg. How much energy will be needed to melt 200g of it.

A

Energy = M x Lf

= 500 J/kg x 0.2kg = 100J

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

As a gas cools what happens to the particles?

A

They slow down and lose kinetic energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is conduction?

A

When a substance is heated, its particles gain energy and vibrate. This passes the thermal energy through the substance by conduction, from the hot end to the cold end.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is radiation?

A

All objects transfer thermal energy by infrared radiation. The hotter an object is, the more infrared radiation it gives off. Radiation doesn’t need moving particles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

How does conduction work?

A

In metals there are lots of free electrons that move around at random inside and hold the positive ions together.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Explain what happens when a metal rod is heated

A

At one end the free electrons at the hot end gain kinetic energy and move faster. They diffuse and collide with the cold end and heat up the whole rod

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What do hot objects emit?

A

Infra-red (I.R)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What colours emits heat the best/worst?

A

Black -best

Silver - worst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What affects heat loss?

A
  • room temp
  • material of container
  • colour of container
  • insulation
  • time
  • volume of substance
  • surface area
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What does a larger surface area and a smaller volume do?

A

Loses heat quicker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What is the specific heat capacity of a material?

A

The amount of energy needed to change the temperature of one kilogram of material by 1°c

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What is the equation for energy? (Involving SPC)

A

Energy = mass x SHC x temperature change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What are the units of specific heat capacity?

A

J/kg°c

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What are the different types of energy?

A

Heat, kinetic, light, chemical, gravitational potential, elastic potential, sound, electricity and nuclear energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What does a TV do with energy?

A

Turn electrical energy into light, sound and heat energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Where is the energy stored in a torch?

A

In the battery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What does the law of conservation of energy state?

A

Energy cannot be created or destroyed. We can use machines to change energy from one type to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What is work done equal to?

A

The energy transferred

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What is the equation for work done?

A

Work done (J) = force (N) x distance moved (M)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What is the equation for power?

A

Power = work done ÷ time

Or

Energy ÷ time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What are the units of power?

A

J/s or W

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

What happens to GPE when you lift something higher or if you have a larger mass to raise?

A

It increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

What is the equation for change in gravitational potential energy?

A

Change in GPE = mass x gravitational field strength x change in height

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

What are the units for GPE?

A

J

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

What are the units of gravitational field strength?

A

N/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

What is the equation for kinetic energy?

A

Kinetic energy = 1/2 x mass x speed²

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

When something in an equation is squared and you are trying to find what it is what must you do before you give an answer?

A

Square root it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

What is the equation for efficiency?

A

Efficiency = (useful output energy ÷ total energy supplied) x 100%

52
Q

What makes a machine efficient?

A

Producing very little waste

53
Q

What are some renewable resources?

A

Wind, solar, waves, bio-mass, wood

54
Q

What are some non renewable resources?

A

Coal, oil, gas, nuclear

55
Q

What is the problem with non renewable resources?

A

When burnt they give out CO₂ which is a wast product that causes global warming.
Nuclear can cause leak of radiation and give off radioactive waste which causes deficiencies and cancer

56
Q

What is a current?

A

A flow of charged particles. The rate of flow of charge

57
Q

What is a series circuit?

A

A circuit with one path for a current to flow around

58
Q

What is the conclusion of a parallel circuit?

A

The sum of the currents in the branches equal the current entering or leaving the cell (battery).

59
Q

What is the equation for charge?

A

Charge = current x time

Q = I x T

60
Q

What is the unit for charge?

A

Coulomb, C

61
Q

What is the unit for current?

A

Ampere, A

62
Q

What is the equation for energy transferred?

A

Energy transferred = potential difference x charge

63
Q

What is the unit for potential difference?

A

Volt, V

64
Q

What puts energy into a circuit?

A

A battery of power supply

65
Q

What does the p.d measure?

A

The amount of energy given to each coulomb of charge

66
Q

When components are connected in parallel, what is the total current?

A

The sum of the currents in each loop

67
Q

What happens to the current when resistance is added?

A

Less current flows

68
Q

What does using a larger potential difference do to a lamp?

A

Increases the current and lamp brightness

69
Q

What causes resistance?

A

Collisions between the moving electrons and the vibrating ions in the wire

70
Q

What is the equations for resistance?

A

Resistance = potential difference ÷ current

71
Q

What is the unit for resistance?

A

Ω

72
Q

In a series circuit what current passes through each component?

A

The same current

73
Q

What is the total potential difference of the voltage supply in a series circuit?

A

It is shared between the components

74
Q

The current through a resistor (at constant temp) is _____ to the voltage across the resistor

A

Proportional

75
Q

What are semi conductors?

A

Found on the boundary between metals and non-metals

76
Q

What do semiconductors do when they don’t have energy and when they do?

A

The behave as insulators with no free electrons.

Then when we put energy in they release electrons, a current can flow and the resistance reduces

77
Q

What is a diode?

A

A diode is made of two pieces of semi conductor, treated so that electrons will only flow directly across the boundary. They allow current to flow forward and not backwards

78
Q

The sum of the P.d of the components in a series circuit equals ___ ____ __

A

The supply p.d

79
Q

The p.d across each component in a parallel circuit ______________

A

Equals the battery p.d

80
Q

What colour is the earth wire and where is it?

A

Striped and at the top (middle)

81
Q

What colour is the live wire and where is it?

A

Brown and on the right

82
Q

What colour is the neutral wire and where is it?

A

Blue and on the left

83
Q

What are the pins made from in a plug and why?

A

Brass because it is a good conductor and it strong so it doesn’t bend or rust

84
Q

What is the plug body made from plastic?

A

Because it’s a good insulator

85
Q

Why does the fuse melt when the current is too large?

A

So the circuit doesn’t break

86
Q

What does the cable grip in a plug do?

A

Stop the wire being pulled out of place

87
Q

What happens to the resistance of a filament lamp as the temp increases?

A

It increases

88
Q

Why does a diode have a high resistance in the reverse direction?

A

To help it only flow in the forward direction

89
Q

If a current is 10V, what fuse would you use?

A

13A fuse

90
Q

What does the earth wire do?

A

The earth wire provides a low resistance path for the current to flow from the live wire.

91
Q

What would happen if an earth wire is missing?

A

You would get an electric shock if you touched whatever it was in

92
Q

What is the name of a current that only goes in one direction?

A

A direct current

93
Q

What is an alternating current?

A

A current that repeatedly reverses its direction. It flows one way then the other.

94
Q

What is an alternating currents frequency?

A

The number of cycles it passes through each second

95
Q

What is a typical power stations alternating potential difference of electricity?

A

2500V

96
Q

What is a step up transformer?

A

They are used at power stations to transfer electricity to the national grid, they increase the voltage

97
Q

What are step down transformers?

A

They transfer electricity from the national grid to consumers. They reduce the voltage

98
Q

What happens when you make the grid potential difference very large?

A

Much less current is needed to transfer the same amount of power so the power loss due to the cables is reduced. This means it is an efficient way to transfer electricity

99
Q

What is an oscilloscope used for?

A

To show how an alternating potential difference changes with time

100
Q

What is the national grid made up of?

A

A system of cables and transformers

101
Q

What is the equation for power loss in a cable?

A

I²R

102
Q

What is the equation for P.d (including charge)

A

P.d = energy ÷ charge

103
Q

What are non contact forces?

A

Forces that have a region around them called a field where they affect objects

104
Q

What is a scalar?

A

A quantity that only have size

105
Q

What is a vector?

A

A vector has a size and direction

106
Q

What is Newton’s first law?

A

If there are no forces acting on an object or if the resultant is zero: a stationary object will remain at rest and a moving object will continue at the same speed and in the same direction

107
Q

What is the resultant of a plant pot which has a weight of 5N and a support force of 5N?

A

0

108
Q

What are the forces acting on a submarine sailing under water?

A

Support going up
Weight going down
Engine thrust going forwards
Drag force going backwards

109
Q

When a plane lands, what is the direction of the resultant?

A

Backwards

110
Q

What is the resultant force of a plane that has stopped?

A

0

111
Q

What is newtons 3rd law?

A

When 2 objects interact they exert equal and opposite forces on each other

112
Q

What is the resultant force?

A

The single force that can replace all of the forces acting on an object and have the same effect

113
Q

What is the equation for weight?

A

Weight = mass x grav. Field strength (N/Kg)

114
Q

What is inertia?

A

An object wanting to stay where it is or to continue moving in the same way

115
Q

What is the equation for inertial mass?

A

Inertial mass = force ÷ acceleration

116
Q

What is terminal velocity?

A

The velocity reached by an object when the drag force on it is equal and opposite to the force making it move

117
Q

An object is released in a fluid. Describe the resultant force on it initially

A

Weight - frictional force

118
Q

What is the equation for stopping distance?

A

Stopping distance = thinking distance + braking distance

119
Q

What is the equation for thinking distance?

A

Thinking distance = speed x reaction time

120
Q

What is the equation for kinetic energy?

A

Kinetic energy = 1/2 x mass x speed²

KE= 1/2mv²

121
Q

What do the brakes convert KE into?

A

Thermal energy

122
Q

What does a flat bit mean on a graph that is in stages?

A

Represents the changing of state

123
Q

What equation do you use for the slopes on the graph? (States of matter)

A

specific heat capacity

124
Q

What equation do you use for the flat parts on the graph? (States of matter)

A

Latent heat

125
Q

What are the rules of energy

A

You cannot create/make or destroy it

126
Q

What are some problems of renewable resources?

A

You need a lot of them.
Thinly spread
Visual and noise pollution
Unreliable

127
Q

Draw the basic circuit symbols on sheet

A

.

Physics (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions