Physics Final Flashcards
How do you work safely in a lab?
- Wear the appropriate equipment (lab coat, goggles, aprons, gloves)
- Know where safety equipment is (Fire Blanket, eye wash station, fire extinguisher, heat detector, emergency stop for electricity, fume hood)
- Keep work station clean (don’t have unnecessary things on table, don’t spill chemicals, clean up after experiment)
- no eating (food, the experiment, etc.)
- wash your hands and don’t touch your face
Steps of the Scientific Method…
- Purpose
- Research
- Hypothesis
- Experiment
- Analysis
- Conclusion
What is an independent variable?
the variable that is being tested, it is changed on purpose
What is a dependent variable?
the variable that is measured to see effect
what is a controlled variable?
stays the same throughout the experiment
What is a reference point?
a stationary point that allows observers to see motion because the distance between the object and the stationary reference point changes
what is speed
the distance traveled in a certain amount of time
or
how fast something goes
formula and unit for speed
formula: distance/time
unit: meters/seconds
what is the formula for distance?
what is the formula for time?
d = speed • time
t = distance/speed
what is instantaneous speed?
the speed at a certain instant of time (right now)
what is constant speed?
traveling equal distances in equal amounts of time (speed doesn’t change)
what is average speed?
the total distance traveled in a certain amount of time
formula for average speed
total time
what is velocity?
the speed in a certain direction (how fast, which way)
what is constant velocity?
covering equal distances in equal amounts of time without changing direction (no change in velocity)
what is acceleration?
any change in velocity
what are the three ways to change your acceleration?
- slow down
- speed up
- turn
formula and unit for acceleration
formula:
Final Velocity (Vf) - Initial Velocity (Vi)
—————————————————–
time (t)
unit: m/sec/sec
what is another formula for distance (with velocity)?
(initial velocity) (time) + 1/2 (acceleration) (time) ^2
what is a force?
any push or pull on an object
force has strength and direction
what tool do you use to measure force?
a spring scale
what unit does force use?
Newtons (N)
what are the 8 types of force?
- gravity
- air
- magnetic
- buoyant
- pressure
- friction
- applied
- normal
what is a force diagram?
shows all forces acting on an object
what is net force?
the overall (total) force on an object
how do you find the net force?
if the forces are going in the same directions —> —> add them!
if the forces are going in opposite directions —>
what is an unbalanced force?
a nonzero net force (Fnet ≠ 0) that causes an object to accelerate
if the object is not moving, then it starts moving
if the object is moving, then it moves FASTER, SLOWER, or CHANGES DIRECTION
what is a balanced force?
a zero net force (Fnet = 0) that does not cause an object to accelerate
if the object is not moving then it will NOT MOVE
if the object is moving, then it will continue at a constant velocity
