Physics Exam Review Flashcards
Electrostatics
the study of electrical charges that move very little
Neutral
term referring to matter not having a negative or positive electric charge
Insulator
- a material that does not allow electric charges or heat to move freely on or through it
- hold e- tight
- almost no room
Conductor
- a material that allows electric charges or heat to move freely on or through it
- Conductor (Metal) - loose valance e-
- lots of shell room
Metal
- a chemical element such as aluminum, gold or iron
- very ductile and a good ability to conduct heat and electricity
Non-Metal
- a chemical element such as oxygen or sulfur
- non-metals do not posses the properties of metals
Law of attraction and repulsion
a law stating that like electric charges repel and unlike electric charges attract
Electroscope
a device detecting the presence of electric charge
Charging by contact
- start with charged object
- transfer to another object
Charging by induction
- not actually charged
- create a charged area in balance
Charging by friction
- e- are ripped off
- to work well - use an insulator
Electrophorus
an instrument for generating static electricity by means of induction
Lighting rod
a metal rod or wire attached to a building to prevent lightning damage by conducting the elections to the ground
Cell
a usually microscopic structure containing nuclear and cytoplasmic material enclosed by a semipermeable membrane and, in plants, a cell wall; the basic structural unit of all organisms.
Circuit
a path over which an electric current flows
Potential difference/Volt
- the difference in electric potential energy per coulomb of charge at one point in a circuit compared to the potential energy per coulomb of charge at another point in the circuit
- the unit of potential difference
Parallel Circuit
Parallel - multiple paths
Current (I) - splits up, still adds to total current (I)
Voltage (V) - same everywhere
Best for multiple applications - large electron
- house
Series Circuit
Series - single path for I
I - same everywhere
V - add up to power supply
- simple circuits: toys or one function tool/applications
Electromotive force
a source of energy that can cause a current to flow in an electrical circuit or device
Photoelectric
pertaining to the electronic or other electric effects produced by light.
Thermoelectric
term applied to the use of heat to generate electricity
Piezoelectric
electricity, or electric polarity, produced by the piezoelectric effect.
Chemo electric
tba
Grounding
to connect a conductor through some conducting material directly to the ground, or Earth
Resistance/Ohm
- potential difference across the load
- a unit of electrical resistance
Ohm’s Law
a law stating that the ratio of the potential difference between the ends of a conductor and the current flowing in the conductor is constant
Battery
a combination of electric cells that produce a potential difference
Load
in an electric circuit a device that resist the flow of current and converts electrical energy to another form of energy
- example: light bulb
Current/Ampere
- a flow of electric charge
- basic unit for measuring the strength of an electric current
Charge/Coulomb
- a term referring to matter having a negative or positive charge
- the unit of electric charge
Energy/Joule
- the unit of energy
Electromagnetic
the arrangement by wavelength of the different forms of electromagnetic radiation
