PHYSICS EQUATIONS Flashcards
What is the formula for average speed?
Average speed (ms⁻¹) = distance (m) / time (s)
Average speed is the total distance traveled divided by the total time taken.
What is the formula for average velocity?
Average velocity (ms⁻¹) = displacement (m) / time (s)
Average velocity takes into account the direction of the displacement.
What is the formula for the period of a pendulum?
Period of a pendulum (s) = total time (s) / number of swings
The period is the time taken for one complete cycle of swinging.
What is the formula for acceleration?
Acceleration (ms⁻²) = (final velocity (ms⁻¹) - initial velocity (ms⁻¹)) / time (s)
Acceleration measures how quickly the velocity of an object changes.
What is the formula for weight?
Weight (N) = mass (kg) × gravitational field strength (ms⁻²)
Earth’s gravitational field strength is approximately 10 ms⁻².
What is the formula for force?
Force (N) = mass (kg) × acceleration (ms⁻²)
This formula is derived from Newton’s second law of motion.
What is the formula for density?
Density (kg/m³) = mass (kg) / volume (m³)
Density is a measure of mass per unit volume.
What is Hooke’s law?
Hooke’s law: Force (N) = constant (Nm⁻¹) × extension (m)
This law describes the relationship between the force applied to a spring and its extension.
What is the formula for pressure?
Pressure (Pa) = force (N) / area (m²)
Pressure is defined as force applied per unit area.
What is the formula for fluid pressure?
Fluid Pressure (Pa) = density (kg/m³) × gravitational field strength (ms⁻² or N/kg) × height (m)
This formula calculates the pressure exerted by a fluid at a certain depth.
What is the formula for work?
Work (J) = force (N) × distance moved (m)
Work is done when a force causes an object to move.
What is the formula for power?
Power (W) = work (J) / time (s)
Power measures the rate at which work is done.
What is the formula for kinetic energy?
Kinetic Energy (J) = ½ × mass (kg) × velocity² (ms⁻¹)
Kinetic energy is the energy of an object due to its motion.
What is the formula for gravitational potential energy?
Gravitational potential energy (J) = mass (kg) × gravitational field strength (ms⁻² or N/kg) × height (m)
This energy is stored due to an object’s position in a gravitational field.
What is the formula for efficiency?
Efficiency (%) = (useful power output (W) / total power input (W)) × 100
Efficiency measures how well input energy is converted to useful output energy.
What is the formula for moment?
Moment (Nm) = force (N) × perpendicular distance from pivot (m)
Moment is a measure of the rotational effect of a force.
What is the principle of moments?
Sum of clockwise moments (Nm) = sum of anticlockwise moments (Nm)
This principle is used in static equilibrium analysis.
What is the formula for momentum?
Momentum (kg·ms⁻¹) = mass (kg) × velocity (ms⁻¹)
Momentum is a measure of the motion of an object.
What is the formula for impulse?
Impulse (kg·ms⁻¹ or Ns) = change in momentum (kg·ms⁻¹)
Impulse is the effect of a force applied over time.
What is the formula for centripetal force?
Centripetal Force (N) = mass (kg) × velocity² (ms⁻¹) / radius (m)
This force keeps an object moving in a circular path.
What is the formula for orbital period?
Orbital Period (s) = 2 × π × radius (m) / velocity (ms⁻¹)
The orbital period is the time taken to complete one full orbit.
Fill in the blank: The formula for gravitational potential energy is _______.
mass (kg) × gravitational field strength (ms⁻² or N/kg) × height (m)
Gravitational potential energy is related to an object’s height in a gravitational field.
True or False: Kinetic energy is given by the formula KE = ½mv².
True
Kinetic energy is directly proportional to the mass and the square of the velocity.
What is Boyle’s Law?
Pressure (Pa) × Volume (m³) = Constant
This means that at constant temperature, the product of pressure and volume remains constant.
