Physics - Electricity/Magnetism Flashcards
SI unit of electric current. One ampere is a flow of one coulomb of charge per second
Ampere
Flow of electric charge that transports energy from one place to another. Measured in amperes, where one ampere is the flow of 6.25 x 10 18 electrons.
Electrical Current
Resistance of a material to the flow of electric charge through it; measured in ohms (symbol Ω)
Electrical Resistance
Study of electric charges at rest, as opposed to electrodynamics.
Electrostatics
Term applied to an atom or molecule in which the charges are aligned so that one side is slightly more positive or negative than the opposite side.
Electrically Polarized
General term for electrical phenomena, much like gravity has to do with gravitational phenomena, or sociology with social phenomena.
Electricity
Fundamental electrical property to which the mutual attractions or repulsions between electrons or protons is attributed.
Electric Charge
Electric potential energy (in joules) per unit of charge (in coulombs) at a location in an electric field; measured in volts and often called voltage.
Voltage=(electrical energy)/charge=joules/coulomb
Electric Potential
Electric circuit with devices connected in such a way that the electric current through each of them is the same
Series Circuit
Electric circuit with two or more devices connected in such a way that the same voltage acts across each one and any single one completes the circuit independently of the others.
Parallel Circuit
Material that is a poor conductor of electricity
Insulator
Material, usually a metal through which electric charge can flow. Good conductors of heat are generally good electric charge conductors.
Conductor
Device made of material not only with properties that fall between a conductor and an insulator but with resistance that changes abruptly when other conditions change, such as temperature, voltage, and electric or magnetic field.
Semi-conductor
Electrical “pressure” or a measure of electrical potential difference
voltage=(electric potential energy )/(unit of charge)
Voltage
SI unit of electrical charge. One coulomb is equal to the total charge of 6.25 x 1018 electrons.
Coulomb
Relationship among electrical force, charges, and distance: The electrical force between two charges varies directly as the product of the charges (q) and inversely as the square of the distance between them. (k is the proportionality constant 9 x 10^9 N m2/C2) If the charges are alike in sign, the force is repulsive; if the charges are unlike, the force is attractive.
Coulomb’s Law
Current in a circuit is directly proportional to the voltage impressed across the circuit, and is inversely proportional to the resistance of the circuit.
Current=voltage/resistance
Ohm’s Law
SI unit of electrical resistance. One ohm is the resistance of a device that draws a current of one ampere when a voltage of one volt is impressed across it.
Ohm(Ω)
The force exerted on a charged object per unit of charge in an electric field. Also know as electric field intensity. Units V/m
Electric Field Strength/Intensity
The science of electric charges in motion
Electrodynamics
Force of attraction or repulsion between two charged particles, also know as coulomb’s force.
Electrostatic Force
Phenomenon of inducing a voltage in a conductor by changing the magnetic field rear the conductor. Creates Voltage/Current.
Electromagnetic Induction
Force field that fills the space around every electric charge or group of charges. Measured by force per charge or Newtons/coulomb
Electric Field
When a particle or object has an excess of electrons compared to protons.
Negatively Charged
