Physics: Current Electricity Flashcards
What is the function of the sources of electrical energy
provides electrical emergy in circuit
what are the 4 basic parts of a circuit
source or energy, load, control device, conducting wires
what are some things to include in a circuit
a switch(open/closed), battery, lightbulb
what is the function of the load?
converts electrical energy into other forms of energy
What is the function of the conducting wires
they connect the circuit and allow electrons to flow
What is the function of the control device
determines if circuit is closed or open and controls flow of electrons
Static electricity
electrons move in 1 place
Current electricity
the controlled flow of electrons through a conductor
Open circuit
does not allow current to flow
Closed circuit
does allow current to flow
Direct current
electrons flow in 1 direction
Alternating current
electrons flow through alternating directions
Conductor
allows electrons to flow easily
Insulator
doesn’t allow electrons to flow easily
Current
flow of electrons through a conductor(measured in A)
In series the same amt of current goes to all components
In parallel current spilts between paths
I = V/R I = Q/t
Voltage
difference in electric potential energy per unit charge measured in 2 different points(measured in V)
In series, cells are connected for more voltage but in parallel, cells run longer
V = I x R
Resistance
ability material to oppose the flow of electrical current(r)
R = V/I
Are ammeters connected in parallel
No, connected in series to measure current flow through a load
What are voltmeters connected through
Parallel, you are measuring difference in voltage across a load
What affects resistance
material, temp, length, size
Material
some materials are better conductors
Size
thicker the wire - less resistance
Length
longer length - more resistance
Temperature
hotter temp - more resistance
Ohms law
potential difference across a load increases, so does the current
Series circuit
1 pathway. If part of the circuit is disconnected the rest won’t work. The more light bulbs the less bright
Parallel circuit
multiple pathways. If something disconnects circuit still continues. If more lightbulbs are added, the brightness is not affected but the current increases
Adding batteries
Series: total voltage id the sum of the voltage of all batteries
Parallel: total voltage is same throughout, they last longer
Adding loads
current decreases in series, increases in parallel
resistance increases in series,
