physics ch 28-29

Question 1

what are the 3 things a computer can do

Answer 1

• perform mathematical computations
• manipulate information
• make decisions

Question 2

a collection of many hundreds of algorithms that allow the user to perform a general application

Answer 2

computer program

Question 3

algorithms that can be used repeatedly within a program

Answer 3

subroutine

Question 4

ability of a machine to make decisions based on logic functions

Answer 4

artificial intelligence

Question 5

part of a computer that interprets and executes instructions

Answer 5

central processing unit

Question 6

CPU that is contained on a single integrated circuit chip

Answer 6

microprocessor

Question 7

consists of physical components including input devices, processing system, memory and storage devices

Answer 7

hardware

Question 8

most radiographic images are viewed as

Answer 8

soft copies

Question 9

performs data manipulation in the computer

Answer 9

central processing unit

Question 10

directs the flow of data between primary memory and other devices and programmed to select instructions from memory

Answer 10

control unit

Question 11

performs arithmetic calculations and logic functions

Answer 11

arithmetic/logic functions

Question 12

primary memory is also referred to as

Answer 12

main memory or internal memory

Question 13

4 sectors of primary memory space

Answer 13

• program storage area
• working or scratch-pad storage
• temporary storage from input devices
• temporary storage from output devices

Question 14

the unit for measuring storage capacity

Answer 14

one byte or 8 bits

Question 15

data presented in a continuous form without limitations

Answer 15

analog data

Question 16

data presented on a discrete scale and values must be rounded to the nearest discrete value

Answer 16

digital data

Question 17

the various intensities of x-rays that strike the image receptor is considered what type of data

Answer 17

analog

Question 18

function of a device to convert image data into digital before being passed along to any computerized portion

Answer 18

analog-to-digital converter (ADC)

Question 19

binary numbers are based on

Answer 19

powers of 2

Question 20

increased bit depth is directly proportional to

Answer 20

detail and gray scale

Question 21

instructions given to the hardware of the computer in order to carry out tasks

Answer 21

computer software

Question 22

4 general approaches to process data on a computer

Answer 22

• on-line processing
• batch processing
• real-time processing
• time-sharing

Question 23

transactions processed immediately upon entering a command

Answer 23

on- line processing

Question 24

method used when large amounts of data must be processed to only a few operations

Answer 24

batch processing

Question 25

array of processors work to perform complex computations on large amounts of data

Answer 25

real time processing

Question 26

use of a large central computer that serves several terminals

Answer 26

time sharing

Question 27

connections between a computer or imaging machine and its peripherals

Answer 27

interface

Question 28

ability of computers own components and software to work together

Answer 28

internal compatibility

Question 29

ability of different computer systems to communicate with each other

Answer 29

external compatibility

Question 30

converts digital signals from the computer into analog audio sounds over phone lines

Answer 30

modem (modulator-demodulator)

Question 31

any systems that allows remote transmission and viewing of radiographic images

Answer 31

teleradiology

Question 32

speed of transmission in bits per second

Answer 32

baud rate

Question 33

allows transmission to bypass the CPU speeding up delivery to display screen

Answer 33

direct memory access

Question 34

individual point within a communications network where date may orginate

Answer 34

node

Question 35

network generally contained within a single building

Answer 35

local area network

Question 36

network that extends to other locations

Answer 36

wide area network

Question 37

connects various nodes within a network

Answer 37

network switch

Question 38

connects 2 or more networks

Answer 38

router

Question 39

3 types of LANS

Answer 39

PACS, RIS, HIS

Question 40

used within a imaging department to make radiographs, CT, MRI, NM scans

Answer 40

PACS

Question 41

stores written radiology and files on patients

Answer 41

RIS

Question 42

stores hospital records

Answer 42

HIS