Physics and Energy Flashcards
State Newton’s First Law of Motion:
An object stays at rest or in motion unless acted upon by a force.
What is the formula for force?
F=ma
What are the 4 fundamental forces in physics?
Gravity
Electrostatic Force
Weak Nuclear Force
Strong Nuclear Force
What does Einstein’s theory of relativity state about time?
Time dilates as speed increases.
Define the speed of light:
300 000km/s
What is a photon?
A particle of light
Define quantum leap:
When an electron jumps energy levels without passing through the space in between.
What does E=mc^2 mean?
Energy is equal to mass multiplied by the speed of light squared.
What is dark matter?
Matter that cannot be directly observed but is inferred from gravitational effects.
What is the weak nuclear force responsible for?
Radioactive decay
Name the particle that carries the electromagnetic force.
Photon
What is a gluon?
A particle that holds quarks together.
What is a Higgs boson?
A particle theorised to give mass to other particles.
What is meant by “time dilation”?
Time slows down as an object moves faster.
Define the strong nuclear force:
The force that holds the nucleus of an atom together.
What is a gravitational force?
The force of attraction between masses.
What is the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle?
It is impossible to know both the position and momentum of a particle simultaneously.
Define mass-energy equivalence:
Mass can be converted into energy and vice versa.
What happens to mass as speed approaches the speed of light?
Mass increases
What is a wave-particle duality?
Energy behaves as both particles and waves.
