Physics Additional

Question 1

The rate of change of an object’s velocity or speed

Answer 1

Acceleration

Question 2

An interaction between two objects that are not in contact

Answer 2

Action at a distance

Question 3

The force exerted on an object by the air when it moves through it.

Answer 3

Air resistance

Question 4

The least penetrating type of ionising radiation

Answer 4

Alpha radiation

Question 5

An electric current that reverses in direction

Answer 5

Alternating Current

Question 6

A meter that measures current

Answer 6

Ammeter

Question 7

The unit of electric current

Answer 7

Ampere (Amp)

Question 8

The distance moved by an object divided by the time taken for this to happen

Answer 8

Average speed

Question 9

The low-level radiation, mostly from natural sources, that everyone is exposed to all the time.

Answer 9

Background radiation

Question 10

One of the types of ionising radiation that is more penetrating than alpha but not as penetrating as gamma. A high speed electron

Answer 10

Beta radiation

Question 11

A process in which the products of one nuclear reaction cause further nuclear reactions to happen so that more and more reactions occur.

Answer 11

Chain reaction

Question 12

A device for changing the direction of the electric current through the coil of a motor every half turn. It consists of a ring divided into two halves with two contacts touching the two halves.

Answer 12

Commutator

Question 13

The idea that the total amount of energy in the universe is constant, and never increases or decreases. So if something loses energy, one or more other things must have gained the same amount of energy

Answer 13

Conservation of energy

Question 14

Having a radioactive material inside the body, or having it on skin or clothes.

Answer 14

Contamination

Question 15

In a nuclear reactor, these absorb neutrons and are raised and lowered to control the rate of fission reactions.

Answer 15

Control rod

Question 16

In a nuclear reactor, the liquid or gas that circulates through the core and transfers heat to the boiler.

Answer 16

Coolant

Question 17

A force in the opposite direction to somethings motion

Answer 17

Counter force

Question 18

Taking a power station out of service at the end of its lifetime, dismantling it and disposing of the waste safely.

Answer 18

Decommissioning

Question 19

An electric current that stays in the same direction

Answer 19

Direct Current

Question 20

A graph that shows the distance of an object from its starting point at each moment during its journey

Answer 20

Displacement-time graph

Question 21

The force pushing something forward

Answer 21

Driving force

Question 22

A closed loop of conductors connected between positive and negative terminals of a battery or power supply

Answer 22

Electric circuit

Question 23

A flow of charges around a circuit

Answer 23

Current

Question 24

A region where an electric charge experiences a force.

Answer 24

Electric field

Question 25

The name of the process in which potential different is generated in a wire when it is in a changing magnetic field.

Answer 25

Electromagnetic induction

Question 26

A tiny negatively charged particle which is part of an atom. They have negligible mass and one negative charge

Answer 26

Electron

Question 27

A push or pull experienced by an object when it interacts with another. This is needed to change the motion of an object.

Answer 27

Force

Question 28

The force exerted on an object due to the interaction between it and another object it is sliding over.

Answer 28

Friction

Question 29

A container for nuclear fuel, which enables fuel to be inserted into and removed from a nuclear reactor

Answer 29

Fuel rod

Question 30

The most penetrating type of ionising radiation produced by the nucleus of an atom during radioactive decay.

Answer 30

Gamma radiation

Question 31

A device that uses motion to generate electricity. It consists of a coil that rotates in a magnetic field

Answer 31

Generator

Question 32

The energy stored when an object is raised to a higher point

Answer 32

Gravitational Potential Energy

Question 33

The time taken for the amount of a radioactive substance to fall to half its original value

Answer 33

Half Life

Question 34

A category of nuclear waste that is highly radioactive and hot. Produced in nuclear reactors and nuclear weapons processing

Answer 34

High Level Waste

Question 35

A way of connecting electric components that makes a branch or branches in the circuit so that charges can flow around more than one loop

Answer 35

In parallel

Question 36

A way of connecting electric components so that they are all in a single loop.

Answer 36

In series

Question 37

The speed of an object at a particular instant

Answer 37

Instantaneous speed

Question 38

Two forces that arise from the same interaction. They are equal in size and opposite in direction.

Answer 38

Interaction pair

Question 39

A category of nuclear waste that is generally short-lived but requires some shielding to protect living organisms for example contaminated materials that result from decommissioning a nuclear reactor.

Answer 39

Intermediate level waste

Question 40

Radiation with photons with enough energy to remove electrons from atoms.

Answer 40

Ionising Radiation

Question 41

Being exposed to radiation from an external source

Answer 41

Irradiation

Question 42

Atoms of the same element that have different mass numbers because they have different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus

Answer 42

Isotope

Question 43

The energy that something has because of its motion

Answer 43

Kinetic energy

Question 44

An electric component whose resistance varies depending on the brightness of light falling on it.

Answer 44

Light Dependent Resistor

Question 45

A category of nuclear waste that contains small amounts of short lived radioactivity, for example paper, rags, tools, clothing and filters from hospitals and industry

Answer 45

Low Level Waste

Question 46

The region around a magnet, or a wire carrying an electric current, in which magnetic effects can be detected

Answer 46

Magnetic Field

Question 47

A property of any moving object equal to mass multiplied by velocity

Answer 47

Momentum

Question 48

A device that uses an electric current to produce continuous motion

Answer 48

Motor

Question 49

An uncharged particle found in the nucleus of atoms. It has a relative mass of 1

Answer 49

Neutron

Question 50

Radiation with photons that do not have enough energy to remove electrons from atoms

Answer 50

Non-ionising radiation

Question 51

The process used in nuclear power stations to break apart atoms when they absorb neutrons

Answer 51

Nuclear Fission

Question 52

The process in which two small nuclei combine to form a larger one releasing energy. This happens in stars

Answer 52

Nuclear Fusion

Question 53

The tiny central part of an atom made up of protons and neutrons

Answer 53

Nucleus

Question 54

The result that the current through a resistor is proportional to the voltage if the temperature is constant.

Answer 54

Ohm's Law

Question 55

Tiny packets of energy proportional to the frequency of the radiation

Answer 55

Photon

Question 56

The difference in potential energy between two components in an electric circuit. Measured in Volts

Answer 56

Potential Difference

Question 57

In an electric circuit, the rate at which work is done by the battery or power supply on the components. Equal to current x voltage

Answer 57

Power

Question 58

Tiny particle in the nucleus of atoms with a positive charge and a relative mass of 1

Answer 58

Proton

Question 59

A flow of energy from a source

Answer 59

Radiation

Question 60

A measure, in millisieverts, of the possible harm done to your body, which takes into account both the amount and type of radiation your have been exposed to.

Answer 60

Radiation dose

Question 61

Used to describe a material, atom or element that produces alpha, beta or gamma radiation

Answer 61

Radioactive

Question 62

Estimating the age of an object eg rocks by measuring its radioactivity

Answer 62

Radioactive dating

Question 63

Spontaneous change in an unstable element giving out alpha, beta or gamma radiation.

Answer 63

Radioactive decay

Question 64

Using radiation to treat a patient

Answer 64

Radiotherapy

Question 65

The force exerted by a hard surface on an object that presses on it.

Answer 65

Reaction of a surface

Question 66

This indicates how easy or difficult it is for electric charge to flow through a component in a circuit.

Answer 66

Resistance

Question 67

The sum of all the forces acting on an object when you take into account their direction

Answer 67

Resultant force

Question 68

The process of making something free from live bacteria and other microorganisms. Gamma radiation is used for this.

Answer 68

Sterilisation

Question 69

A fundamental force of nature that acts inside the nucleus of the atom

Answer 69

Strong Nuclear Force

Question 70

An electric circuit component whose resistance changes with temperature.

Answer 70

Thermistor

Question 71

An electrical device consisting of two coils of wire wound around an iron core. An alternating current in one coil causes a changing magnetic field that induces alternating current in the other. Used to step up and step down voltage.

Answer 71

Transformer

Question 72

The nucleus in radioactive isotopes are this.

Answer 72

Unstable

Question 73

The speed of an object in a given direction

Answer 73

Velocity

Question 74

A way of summarising the motion of an object by showing its velocity at every instant of its journey

Answer 74

Velocity-time graph

Question 75

This is marked on a battery or power supply and is a measure of the push it exerts on charges in a circuit.

Answer 75

Voltage

Question 76

An instrument for measuring the potential difference between two points in an electric circuit.

Answer 76

Voltmeter

Question 77

This is done whenever a force makes something move. It is equal to the amount of energy transferred.

Answer 77

Work