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Chemisty > Physics > Flashcards

Physics Flashcards

1
Q

What is a force and it unit of measurement?

A

A push or a pull and it is measured in newtons (N)

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2
Q

If a force is exerted on an object, what five things can happen?

A 
speed up slows down 
Rotation 
Direction can change 
Object can come to a stand still
Deformation
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3
Q

What is the definition of paired forces?

A

When each object exerts a force of equal size on the other object in opposite direction.

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4
Q

Name the 2 types of forces and give their definitions?

A

Contact force : an object that touches another object

Non-contact : works over a distance

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5
Q

Define gravitational force

A

A non-contact force where objects attract each other without touching

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6
Q

Identify the 3 differences between mass and weight.

A

Mass indicates the amount of matter of an object, where as weight is the attractive force that the planet exerts on an object
The mass of the objects remains constant, where as the weight of objects can change
Mass is measured in KGS and weight is measured newtons (N)

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7
Q

Define magnetic forces

A

It’s a non-contact force whereby magnets attract objects that consist of iron, nickel or cobalt.

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8
Q

Define electrostatic forces

A

It is a non-contact force whereby an object is charged either positively or negatively.

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9
Q

What 3 things does an atom consist of and where are they found?

A

Protons (+) and nucleons in the nucleus and electrons (-) in the space around the nucleus.

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10
Q

True or false: an object is positively charged if it gives electrons away

A

True: object has more protons than electrons

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11
Q

True or false: an object is negatively charged if it donates electrons?

A

False

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12
Q

Explain the formation of lightning

A
  • The droplets in the clouds rub against each other and get charged
  • A lot of negative charges accumulate in the bottom part of the cloud and the positive charges in the top half of the cloud
  • this causes a difference in potential energy.
  • during discharge, potential energy is converted into electrical energy that is again converted to intense light and heat energy
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13
Q

Name 5 safety measure during lighting

A
  • Avoid trees
  • Take shelter inside a building or a vehicle
  • Avoid outdoor activities
  • Unplug all electronics
  • Do not bath or shower
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14
Q

What is current (I) measured in?

What is another name for volatage and what is it measured in?

A

Amperes

Potential difference and it is measured in volts

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15
Q

What is resistance measured in? (R0

A

Ohms

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16
Q

True or false:in a series circuit current remains the same and collage splits

A

True

17
Q

True or false: in a parallel circuit current stays the same and voltage stays the same

A

False, current does split

18
Q

Define a conductor

A

A substance that allows a substance to pass through. Eg copper

19
Q

What is the function of a resistor?

A

To resist the flow of current.

20
Q

Name the 4 factors that influence resistance.

A
  1. Type of conductor
  2. Length of conductor
  3. The thicker the conductor the harder it is for current to flow
  4. The temperature
21
Q

Why is a voltmeter always connected in parallel?

A

Because it has a high resistance

22
Q

True or false: an ammeter is always connected in series

A

True

23
Q

Define an electricity meter

A

Measures how much energy is used in the household.

24
Q

What is a fuse?

A

A small piece of metal that is located in sockets which melts when there is a power surge

25
Q

What is a circuit breaker?

A

A switch that trips when the current become to high

26
Q

Name two advantages and disadvantages between fuses and circuit breakers

A

Fuses - disadvantage is that you have to buy a new one
Advantage is that it’s cheap

Circuit breaker - disadvantage is that it’s expensive
Advantages is that it can be switched on

27
Q

Define a lighting conductor and explain its purpose

A

A metal rod with a sharp end that is fixed to roofs and another end is parted to the ground. It conducts from lighting into the ground

28
Q

What are the 4 results after electrical energy theft?

A

Power interruptions
The stability and quality of electricity is effected
They are expensive to replace
Eskom cant keep up with the increasing demand for electricity for a growing population

29
Q

How do the South African consumers become affected by electrical energy theft?

A

They pay for the stolen electricity

A safety risk for electricity

30
Q

Name the 3 things that eskom are responsible for

A

Generation of electricity from coal
Transmission over long distances
Distribution to consumers

Chemisty (2 decks)

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