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Nat5 Revision > Physics > Flashcards

Physics Flashcards

1
Q

energy is always what?

A

conserved.

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2
Q

energy can be transferred between what?

A

stores.

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3
Q

what is charge?

A

a fundamental property of the material in the universe.

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4
Q

what is the units for charge?

A

coulombs.

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5
Q

is charge a scalar or vector?

A

scalar

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6
Q

what is the symbol for charge?

A

Q.

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7
Q

what is an electric field?

A

a region of space where charges experience an electrical flow.

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8
Q

what is the direction of an electric field?

A

the direction of the force experienced by a positive charge in the field.

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9
Q

what is a conductor?

A

a material in which charge carriers can move.

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10
Q

what is an insulator?

A

a material in which charge carriers cannot move.

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11
Q

what is the unit for current?

A

ampere (A).

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12
Q

what is the symbol for current?

A

I.

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13
Q

what does 1 volt equal?

A

1 joule per coulomb.

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14
Q

what is the unit for potential difference?

A

the volt (V)

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15
Q

what is the symbol for potential difference?

A

V.

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16
Q

what is a series circuit?

A

a circuit in which the components are connected one after another.

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17
Q

what is a parallel circuit?

A

a circuit in which components are connected side by side.

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18
Q

what is resistance?

A

a measure of the opposition flow of charge in an electrical circuit.

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19
Q

what happens to the current in a circuit when the resistance increases?

A

it decreases.

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20
Q

what is a resistor?

A

an electrical component that has a resistance that remains approximately constant for different currents.

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21
Q

what is the units for reistance?

A

ohms - greek letter omega.

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22
Q

what is the symbol for resistance?

A

R.

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23
Q

what happens to the current in a series circuit?

A

it is the same at all points in the circuit.

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24
Q

what happens to the p.d in a series circuit?

A

the sum of the pd across all the components is equal to the total pd.

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25
Q

what happens to the current in a parallel circuit?

A

the sum of the current across all the components is equal to the total current.

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26
Q

what happens to the p.d in a parallel circuit?

A

it is the same across all the branches in the circuit.

27
Q

what is power?

A

the quantity of electrical energy changed to other forms each second.

28
Q

what is the units for power?

A

watts (W).

29
Q

what is the symbol for power?

A

P.

30
Q

what is d.c. current?

A

causes charge to move in only one direction.

31
Q

what is a.c. current?

A

causes charge to move one way then another way.

32
Q

give one example of d.c. current.

A

a battery.

33
Q

give one example of a.c. current.

A

mains electricity.

34
Q

what is a diode?

A

a device that allows electrons to flow in one direction only.

35
Q

what is a capacitor?

A

two metal plates separated by insulating material.

36
Q

what happens to the reading on the a.c. ammeter when the frequency of the a.c. supply in increased?

A

it increases.

37
Q

what is the behaviour of a capacitor in an d.c. circuit?

A

the voltage reading across the capacitor gradually increases to the supply voltage.

38
Q

name some possible uses of a capacitor.

A

storing energy, reducing voltage variation, blocking dc while passing ac.

39
Q

what is the purpose of a capacitor?

A

to provide energy quickly.

40
Q

give three examples of an input devices.

A

microphone, thermistor, LDR.

41
Q

give three examples of an output devices.

A

LED, buzzer, motor.

42
Q

what is the energy change in input devices?

A

(BLANK) to electrical energy.

43
Q

what is the energy change in output devices?

A

electrical energy to (BLANK).

44
Q

how do you use a LED in a circuit?

A

energy flows from negative to positive = correct.

45
Q

whats a transistor?

A

a very fast electronic switch, used for automatic control of electronic circuits.

46
Q

what is distance?

A

the length of the path followed by the object.

47
Q

what is displacement?

A

the length of a straight line from the objects start to end point.

48
Q

what is speed?

A

a measure of how quickly an object travels a certain distance.

49
Q

what is velocity?

A

the speed and direction of an object.

50
Q

what is acceleration?

A

how quickly the velocity of an object is changing.

51
Q

what is the resultant?

A

the sum of two or more vectors.

52
Q

what is force?

A

an interaction between the materials of our universe.

53
Q

what is weight?

A

the gravitational force acting on an object.

54
Q

what is mass?

A

a fundamental property of all material in the universe.

55
Q

what is gravitational field strength?

A

the gravitational force acting on a unit of mass.

56
Q

what is kinetic model?

A

a term used to describe the motion of particles inside a solid liquid and gas.

57
Q

what is the temperature of a substance?

A

a measure of the mean kinetic energy of its particles.

58
Q

what is the heat of a substance?

A

the total kinetic energy of the particles contained in a substance.

59
Q

what is 0 degrees kelvin in celcius?

A

-273.

60
Q

how do you work out kelvin from celcius?

A

add 273.

61
Q

what is the relation ship between specific heat capacity mass heat energy and temperature change?

A

Eh=cm(delta)t.

62
Q

what is pressure?

A

the force per unit area exerted on a surface.

63
Q

what is the relationship between force pressure and area?

A

P=F/A

64
Q

what is the relationship between temperature, volume and pressure of a fixed mass gas?

A

P1V1/T1=P2V2/T2

Nat5 Revision (4 decks)

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