Physics Flashcards
What charge do Protons carry?
Positive
Where in the atom are the protons found?
In the centre or nucleus
What charge do Neutrons carry?
No charge (neutral)
Where in the atom are neutrons found?
In the nucleus
What charge do electrons carry?
Negative charge
Where in the atom are electrons found?
Orbiting around the nucleus in different planes or “shells”
What is the atomic number?
The number of protons and electrons in an element
What happens when an atom looses one or more electrons?
It becomes positively charged
What happens is an atom gains electrons?
It becomes negatively charged
What is the name for atoms with a charge?
Ions
What charge would an atom with equal numbers of protons and electrons have?
Neutral charge
What is the name for a positively charged ion?
Cation
What is the name for a negatively charged ion?
Anion
What is a compound?
A combination of 2 or more elements - usually consisting of positive ions if one element in combination with negative ions of another
How are Gamma rays produced?
By the decay of radioactive materials
How are X-ray photons produced?
When rapidly moving electrons are slowed down or stopped they release tiny packets of energy that are X-ray photons
How are better quality X-ray beams produced?
By increasing the speed of the electrons when they collide with the target thus releasing more energy and creating an X-ray beam with more penetrating power
What does Somatic mean?
Immediate, direct effect to the individual
What does teratogenic mean?
Damaging to the unborn foetus
