Physics Flashcards

1
Q

measure of the total energy of a thermodynamic system

A

Enthalpy

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2
Q

if the energy is released during a reaction. Such a reaction is called ………and the delta H is negative

A

Exothermic reaction

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3
Q

If the energy could be consumed in a reaction. Such reactions are called ……and the delta H is positive here

A

Endothermic reaction

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4
Q

The ability to do work because of position is called

A

potential energy

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5
Q

The ability to do work because of motion is called

A

Kinetic energy

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6
Q

The SI unit for power is

A

Watt

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7
Q

Bourdon tube would typically be used to measure?

A

Gage pressure

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8
Q

A temperature of 0 K corresponds to

A

-273 °C

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9
Q

The SI units of relative density are

A

unitless

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10
Q

The SI units for specific weight are

A

KN/m3

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11
Q

The result when we have a force per unit area is

A

Pressure

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12
Q

A force through a distance is referred to as

A

work

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13
Q

The capability of doing work is referred to as

A

energy

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14
Q

The base SI units of density are

A

Kg/m3

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15
Q

The SI unit for work is

A

Joule

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16
Q

In terms of viscosity, a fluid that behaves in a linear fashion according to the shear stress/velocity gradient relationship would be considered to be a

A

Newtonian fluid

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17
Q

________ is a substance’s absolute viscosity over its density

A

Kinematic viscosity

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18
Q

Dynamic viscosity is a function of

A

Sheer stress over shear rate

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19
Q

Viscosity will typically decrease in liquids if

A

the temperature increases

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20
Q

Viscosity will typically increase in gases

A

if the temperature increases

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21
Q

Density will typically increase in all substances if

A

the pressure increases

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22
Q

Adiabatic process

A

no heat is absorved

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23
Q

Specific heat of water

A

4.183 KJ/Kg °C

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24
Q

Specific heat of ice

A

2.135 KJ/Kg °C

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25
Q

Latent heat of fusion of ice

A

335 KJ/Kg °C

26
Q

Latent heat of vaporization of steam

A

2257 KJ/Kg °C

27
Q

Applying energy results in direct temperature change in substance. No phase change

A

Sensible heat (kinetic energy)

28
Q

Applying energy doesn’t result in Δt but goes towards changing the phase of the substance.

A

Latent Energy (hidden energy)

29
Q

Melting or freezing ie. Ice

A

Latent Heat of fusion

30
Q

Boiling, condensing ie Steam

A

Latent Heat of vaporization

31
Q

Used to describe a point where a change of state in a substance takes place

A

Saturation

32
Q

No liquid – Saturated

A

Dry Steam

33
Q

dryness fraction (fraction that is vapor)

A

q

34
Q

Saturated steam where temperature rises again

A

Superheat of steam

35
Q

Changing ______ changes boiling point

A

pressure

36
Q

Triple Point

A

The point at which solid, liquid, gas, coexist in equilibrium

37
Q

Vapor

A

A gas not far removed from liquid state

38
Q

Sublimation

A

Solid Phase passes directly to vapor

39
Q

Enthalpy Increases with

A

increase of pressure

40
Q

What happens to Latent heat with rise in pressure

A

Latent Heat goes down

41
Q

Critical Temperature

A

The temperature at which gas cannot be liquefied regardless of pressure applied

42
Q

Ideal Gas

A

Any gas that obeys ideal gas laws NOT vapours

43
Q

volume occupied by one gram mole of gas

A

Molar volume of Gas

44
Q

Ideal gas Law

A

PV=RT

45
Q

The internal energy (U) and then enthalpy (H) of an ideal gas only depend on

A

temperature

46
Q

Boyle’s law

A

If gas is under constant temperature then volume wil vary inversely with change in absolute pressure

PV/T

47
Q

Charles Law

A

Gas under constant volume will have pressure vary dirrectly with temperature

PV/T

48
Q

Gas expands contracts without energy

A

Adiabatic

49
Q

Polytropic

A

No system truly ever doesn’t lose heat

50
Q

Where the fluid moves slowly in layers in a pipe, without much mixing among the layers.

A

Laminar flow

51
Q

Reynolds number < than or = to 2000

A

Laminar flow usually happens in small pipes and low flow velocity

52
Q

Reynold’s Number > than or = to 4000

A

Turbulent flow

unpredictable, high flow rates

53
Q

Typically occurs when the velocity is low or the fluid is very viscous.

A

Laminar flow

54
Q

In between 2000 and 4000 (Reynolds number)

A

Critical Region Flow or Transitional flow- it is not possible to predict what type of flow exists.

Can be either laminar or turbulent difficult to pin down.

55
Q

Reynold’s number is directly proportional to velocity and inversely proportional to

A

viscocity

56
Q

Turbulent flow - friction factor

A

based on inside roughness of the pipe and reynolds number

57
Q

the pipe friction loss increases linearly with the flow velocity, and it depends only on the viscosity of the liquid.

A

laminar flow

58
Q

Centrifugal pump

A

(Kinetic) High flow rate low pressure rise

59
Q

Dynamic suction head (Hs)

A

Static suction head minus the friction head

60
Q

Static discharge head

A

vertical distance between the pump centerline and the free level of the fluid in the discharge tank

61
Q

Dynamic discharge head

A

Static discharge head + friction head + velocity head

62
Q
A