Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Class 10 > Physics > Flashcards

Physics Flashcards

1
Q

What is electric current defined as?

A

The rate of flow of electric charge through any section of a conductor

Electric current is measured in amperes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the SI unit of electric charge?

A

Coulomb (C)

The SI unit is used to quantify electric charge.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does Coulomb’s Law state?

A

The force of attraction or repulsion between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them

Mathematically, F = K * (q1 * q2) / r², where K is a constant.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the law of conservation of charge?

A

Electric charges can neither be created nor destroyed; they can only be transferred from one body to another

This principle is fundamental in electrostatics.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the two types of electric charge in nature?

A
  • Positive charge
  • Negative charge

These charges exhibit attractive and repulsive forces.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the conventional direction of current?

A

The direction of motion of positive charges through the conductor

This is opposite to the direction of negatively charged electrons.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is an electric circuit?

A

The closed path along which an electric current flows

An electric circuit must be complete for current to flow.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the SI unit of electric current?

A

Ampere

One ampere is defined as one coulomb of charge flowing through a conductor in one second.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

True or False: Electric current is a scalar quantity.

A

True

Unlike vector quantities, it does not have a direction associated with it.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Fill in the blank: The electric field around a charged body is the region within which its _______ can be experienced.

A

influence

The electric field describes the effect of the charge in the surrounding space.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does static electricity deal with?

A

Electric charges at rest

In contrast, current electricity deals with charges in motion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the relationship between resistance in series and parallel combinations?

A
  • Series: Total resistance increases
  • Parallel: Total resistance decreases

The configuration affects how resistors behave in a circuit.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the fundamental law of electrostatics?

A

Like charges repel and unlike charges attract each other

This law explains the behavior of charged objects.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What factors affect the resistance of a conductor?

A
  • Material of the conductor
  • Length of the conductor
  • Cross-sectional area

Temperature can also affect resistance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the relationship between voltage (V), current (I), and resistance (R)?

A

V = I * R

This is known as Ohm’s Law.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the heating effect of electric current?

A

The phenomenon where electric current generates heat in a conductor

This effect is utilized in devices like toasters and electric heaters.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is electrostatic potential?

A

The amount of work done in bringing a unit positive charge from infinity to a point in an electric field.

Its unit is volt.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the unit of electrostatic potential?

A

Volt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the formula for potential difference between two points?

A

Potential difference = Work done / Charge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is one volt defined as?

A

One joule of work done in bringing a positive charge of one coulomb from one point to another.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is an electrochemical or voltaic cell?

A

A device which converts chemical energy into electrical energy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the purpose of a galvanometer?

A

To detect current in an electric circuit.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is an ammeter?

A

A device to measure current in a circuit, functioning as a low resistance galvanometer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the purpose of a voltmeter?

A

To measure the potential difference across components in a circuit.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What does Ohm’s law state?

A

The current passing through a conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference across its ends.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is resistance in terms of electric circuits?

A

The property of a conductor that opposes the flow of current.

27
Q

What factors affect the resistance of a conductor?

A

The nature of the material, length of the conductor, and cross-sectional area.

Resistance is given by the formula: R = ρ(L/A), where ρ is resistivity.

28
Q

What happens to the resistivity of metallic conductors with temperature?

A

It increases with the increase of temperature.

29
Q

What are resistances in series?

A

When two or more resistances are joined end to end, so that the same current flows through each one.

30
Q

What is the formula for total resistance in series?

A

R_total = R1 + R2 + R3 + …

31
Q

What are resistances in parallel?

A

When two or more resistances are connected across two points, providing separate paths for current.

32
Q

What is the formula for total resistance in parallel?

A

1/R_total = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3 + …

33
Q

What is the heating effect of current?

A

Heat produced in a conductor when an electric current passes through it.

34
Q

What does Joule’s law of heating state?

A

The heat produced is directly proportional to the square of the current, resistance, and time.

35
Q

What is electric energy?

A

The total work done in maintaining an electric current in a circuit for a given time.

36
Q

What is the unit of power in electrical terms?

A

Watt

37
Q

Fill in the blank: The electric heating effect is utilized in appliances such as _______.

A

electric iron, room heaters, water heaters, electric bulbs.

38
Q

What is electrical power?

A

The rate at which electric energy is consumed by an appliance.

39
Q

What is the formula for electrical power?

A

P = VI = I²R = W/t

40
Q

What is the SI unit of power?

A

Watt (W)

41
Q

What defines 1 watt?

A

The power of an appliance is 1 watt if one ampere of current flows through it on applying a potential difference of 1 volt.

42
Q

How is 1 joule defined in terms of volts and amperes?

A

1 joule = 1 volt × 1 ampere × 1 second

43
Q

What is the relationship between watts and joules?

A

1 W = 1 J/s = 1 VA

44
Q

How many watts are in a kilowatt?

A

1 kilowatt = 1000 W.

45
Q

What is a kilowatt hour (kWh)?

A

The electrical energy consumed by an appliance of 1000 watts when used for one hour.

46
Q

What does the power rating of an appliance indicate?

A

The electric energy consumed per second by the appliance when connected across the marked voltage of the mains.

47
Q

What is the efficiency of an electrical device?

A

The ratio of the output power to the input power.

48
Q

Fill in the blank: Efficiency, η = _______.

A

Output power / Input power

49
Q

True or False: A kilowatt hour is equivalent to 3.6 x 10^6 joules.

A

True

50
Q

What is Frictional Electricity?

A

Electricity produced by rubbing two suitable bodies and flow of electrons from one body to another

It occurs when materials like glass and silk are rubbed together, causing charge transfer.

51
Q

Define Electricity.

A

A fundamental form of energy observable in positive and negative forms, expressed in terms of the movement and interaction of electrons

It can occur naturally (e.g., lightning) or be produced (e.g., generators).

52
Q

What charge does a glass rod acquire when rubbed with silk?

A

Positive charge

This charge is due to the loss of electrons from the glass rod.

53
Q

What charge does an ebonite rod acquire when rubbed with wool?

A

Negative charge

This is because the ebonite rod gains electrons from the wool.

54
Q

What is Charge Conservation?

A

Charges are not created or destroyed but can be transferred or remain conserved

Example: When a glass rod is rubbed with silk, negative charges shift to the silk.

55
Q

What is the SI unit of charge?

A

Coulomb

One coulomb repels an equal charge with a force of 9 x 10^9 N at a distance of 1 meter in vacuum.

56
Q

What is the charge on an electron?

A

1.6 x 10^-19 coulomb

This is a fundamental constant in physics.

57
Q

Define a Conductor.

A

A substance that allows the passage of electric charges easily, offering very low resistance

Examples include Copper, Silver, and Aluminium.

58
Q

What is an Insulator?

A

A substance with infinitely high resistance that does not allow electric current to flow through it

Insulators are used to prevent unwanted current flow.

59
Q

Define Electric Potential Energy.

A

The work required to bring charges to their respective locations against the electric field

This work is stored as potential energy of the charge.

60
Q

What is the SI unit of resistance?

A

Ohm

One ohm allows a current of one ampere to flow with a potential difference of 1 volt.

61
Q

What is Resistivity?

A

The resistance offered by a cube of material of side 1m when current flows perpendicular to its opposite faces

Its SI unit is ohm-metre (Ω·m).

62
Q

What is a Resistor?

A

A conductor that has some appreciable resistance

Resistors are used to control current flow in circuits.

63
Q

What is a Rheostat?

A

A device that changes the magnitude of current in a circuit by changing the resistance

It is connected in series and can act as a potential divider.

64
Q

Define Semiconductors.

A

Materials having resistivity between that of insulators and conductors

They are commonly used in making integrated circuits.

Class 10 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions