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Physics Flashcards

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1
Q

Displacement

A

The shortest path from where you started to where you finished.

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2
Q

Distance

A

A measure of the total journey from your starting position to your finishing position.

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3
Q

Speed (Scaler or Vector)

A

Is a scalar quantity.

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4
Q

Velocity (Scalar or Vector)

A

Is a vector quantity.

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5
Q

Average Speed

A

The total distance travelled divided by the time taken to move this far.

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6
Q

Average Velocity

A

The total displacement divided by the time taken to move this far.

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7
Q

Instantaneous Speed

A

The speed an object is travelling at a moment in time.

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8
Q

Instantaneous Velocity

A

The velocity an object is travelling at a moment in time.

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9
Q

Instantaneous vs Average

A

Instantaneous is the speed/velocity at an exact moment in time. Average is overall during a specified time interval.

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10
Q

Motion

A

A change in its position with time.

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11
Q

Newton’s First Law

A

An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays at a constant speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. (Also known as the Law of Inertia)

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12
Q

Newton’s Second Law

A

The rate of acceleration is directly proportional to the force supplied and inversely proportional to the mass of the object. (F = ma)

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13
Q

Acceleration

A

The rate of change in velocity with time.

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14
Q

Acceleration equation is:

A

Force(F) = Mass(m) * Acceleration(a)

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15
Q

Distance equation is:

A

distance(d) = average speed(s) * elapsed time(t)

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16
Q

Displacement equation is:

A

displacement(s) = average velocity(v) * elapsed time(t)

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17
Q

Acceleration unit is:

A

ms^-2

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18
Q

Speed and Velocity unit is:

A

ms^-1

19
Q

Scalar Quantity

A

A value that gives a magnitude(number) only.

20
Q

Vector Quantity

A

A value that gives a magnitude(number) but needs a direction also.

21
Q

Describe the relationship between mass, force and acceration.

A

Force relates to mass as the more mass an object has, the more force needs to be put in to move the object. The more mass an object has, the slower the acceleration and vice versa for a small mass.

22
Q

Force

A

A push or pull that changes an object’s motion or its shape.

23
Q

Distance-Time Graph

A

Slope = rise/run = speed

24
Q

Displacement-Time Graph

A

Slope = rise/run = velocity

25
Q

Velocity-Time Graph

A

Slope = rise/run = velocity/time = (v - u)/t = acceleration. Displacement is the area under the line.

26
Q

Conversions of km/h to m/s

A

km/h = m/s * 3.6

27
Q

Weight

A

The force exerted by gravity on an object. It is your mass under gravity. Calculated with weight = mass(m) * gravity[g(9.8)].

28
Q

Friction

A

Acts parallel to the direction of movement and is opposing.

29
Q

Tension

A

The force transmitted when a string, rope or cable is pulled tightly. Has an equal amount of magnitude on both ends.

30
Q

Normal

A

Force exerted by a surface to support an object resting on it.

31
Q

Drag

A

Resistance by a fluid like air or water as an object passes through. Acts in the opposite direction.

32
Q

Net Force

A

The sum of the forces acting on an object.

33
Q

Inertia

A

An objects resistance to a change in its motion.

34
Q

Newton’s Third Law

A

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction on the other object

35
Q

Energy

A

The ability to do work. Measured in Joules (J). Can be transformed without loss.

36
Q

Kinetic Energy

A

Energy due to an objects motion. Ek = 1/2 mv^2. Ek = kinetic energy(J), m = mass(kg), v = velocity(ms-1)

37
Q

Potential Energy

A

Energy stored in an object that has the potential to be transformed into other types of energy. Ep = mgh. Ep = potantial energy(J), m = mass(kg), g = acceration/gravity(9.8ms-2), h = height(m)

38
Q

Work

A

A type of energy. When a force (in Newtons) moves an object over a distance (in metres) in the directin of the force. w = v - u. w = work, v = final energy, u = initial energy –OR– w = fs. w = work(J), f = force(N), s = displacement(ms-1).

39
Q

Gravitational Potential Energy

A

Energy due to an objects position in a gravitational field. Ep = mgh. Ep = potantial energy(J), m = mass(kg), g = acceration/gravity(9.8ms-2), h = height(m)

40
Q

Law of Conservation of Energy

A

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed. The total energy of a system is constant.

41
Q

Energy Transfer

A

Ep lost = Ep gained

42
Q

Waste Energy

A

Some energy is always transformed into a form of waste energy during transformation. Most common types of wasted energy is” thermal, sonic, kinetic

43
Q

Energy Efficiency

A

EnergyEfficiency = (UsefulEnergyOutput/TotalEnergyInput) * 100%

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