Physics Flashcards
is speed vector or scalar
scalar
is time vector or scalar
scalar
is distance vector or scalar
scalar
is displacement vector or scalar
vector
is velocity vector or scalar
scalar
is acceleration vector or scalar
vector
is mass vector or scalar
scalar
is energy vector or scalar
scalar
what is a scalar quantity?
a physical quantity that can be described by a size only. The quantity has no direction
what is a vector quantity?
a physical quantity that is described with both a size (magnitude) and direction.
what is distance?
how far an object has travelled between two points
what is displacement?
the change in position between two points
what is the difference between distance and displacement?
The complete length of the path between any two points is called distance. Displacement is the direct length between any two points when measured along the minimum path between them
what is speed?
the distance travelled per unit time
state the formula for speed.
S=D/T
what is velocity?
the change in displacement of an object per unit time
state the formula for average velocity.
Vavg=Rf-Ri
Tf-Ti
what do images equally spaced in a motion diagram indicate?
indicate that the object is travelling with constant speed.
what do images with an increasing distance on a motion diagram indicate?
indicate that the object is speeding up.
what do images with a decreasing distance on a motion diagram indicate?
indicate the object is slowing down.
what does the gradient on a displacement time graph represent?
the gradient represents the average velocity.
what does y2 indicate on a displacement time graph?
y2=Rf
what does y1 indicate on a displacement time graph?
y1=Ri
what does x2 indicate on a displacement time graph?
x2=Tf
what does x1 indicate on a displacement time graph?
x1=Ti
what equation can you use to find the average velocity on a displacement time graph?
y2-y1
x2-x1
what is acceleration?
Acceleration is the change in velocity of an object per unit of time.
state the formula for average acceleration.
Aavg=Vf-Vi
What is another formula for acceleration?
v-u/t
If a plane is landing south what is the direction its travelling in?
North
How do you calculate velocity if you have acceleration and time?
v=u+at
How do you calculate time if you have velocity and acceleration?
t=v-u/a
Define mass
The quantity of matter/measurement of how much matter in an object
Define force
A push, pull or twist that causes a mass to accelerate, change direction or change shape
What are the four types of forces
Electromagnetic, weak nuclear, strong nuclear and gravity
How do you calculate weight
W=mg
How do you calculate mass?
m=w/g
How do you calculate net forces
Start by defining a direction convention and then sum the forces together
What is Newton’s first law?
An object at rest will stay at rest unless acted upon by an external unbalanced force. An object travelling at a Constant velocity will remain at a constant velocity unless acted upon by an external unbalanced force.
Use Newtons first law in an example.
When a ball is stationary the two forces acting upon it at the support force and the weight force. The ball does not accelerate because the support force and the weight force at balanced. After being kicked the ball will continue to travel at a constant velocity unless acted upon by an external unbalanced force such as friction or air resistance causing it to slow down.
What is Newton’s second law?
If there is a net force acting on an object the object will accelerate.
Use Newton’s second law in an example.
When a player kicks a ball the kick provides the ball with a net force causing it to accelerate.
if there is twice as much force on an object what happens?
There is twice the acceleration
If there is twice as much force on twice the mass what happens?
The same acceleration
What is the relationship between acceleration and net force?
They are proportional, so when the net force is doubled the acceleration is doubled
What is the relationship between acceleration and mass?
They are inversely proportional, so when you double the mass the acceleration halves
State Newton’s third law
If object an exerts a force onto object b object will with exert an equal force back onto object a in the opposite direction.
Use Newton’s third law in an example.
When a ball is kicked, the foot exerts a force onto the ball and the ball exerts a force back onto object a but in the opposite direction. The ball accelerates because it has less mass than the foot.
What is potential energy?
The potential to cause change
name two examples of Gravitational Potential Energy
holding an object above the ground, standing on a mountain
name two examples of chemical potential energy
food, lighters
name two examples of elastic potential energy
stretched rubber band, springs
name two examples of nuclear energy
inside the nucleus of an atom, nuclear bombs
name two examples of sound energy
talking, speakers
name two examples of heat energy
fire, friction
name two examples of light energy
lightbulbs, the sun
name two examples of electrical energy
lightning, spark
name two examples of kinetic energy
moving car, running
What is the Law of Conservation of Energy?
Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, it can only be transmitted or transformed
What is the formula for gravitational potential energy?
GPE=mgh
what is the relationship between Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy?
They are proportional.
