Physics

Question 1

The cart’s position (x) tells where the cart is on the track.

Answer 1

yep

Question 2

The cart’s speed (v) tells how fast the cart is moving.

Answer 2

yep

Question 3

Acceleration (a) tells how much the object’s speed changes in one
second. When an object speeds up, its acceleration is in the direction of its motion; when an object slows down, its acceleration is opposite the direction of its motion.

Answer 3

yep

Question 4

Displacement (∆x ) tells how far the object ends up away from its starting point, regardless of any motion in between starting and ending positions.

Answer 4

yep

Question 5

The graphical analysis of motion includes position-time graphs and velocity-time graphs.

On a position-time graph, the slope is the object’s speed, and the object’s position is read from the vertical axis.

For velocity-time graphs, the speed is read from the vertical axis, and the slope is the object’s acceleration.

Answer 5

yep

Question 6

✪ Free fall means no forces other than the object’s weight are acting on the object

Answer 6

yep

Question 7

A projectile is an object in free fall, but it isn’t falling in a straight vertical line. To approach a projectile problem, make two motion charts: one for vertical motion and one for horizontal motion.

Answer 7

yep

Question 8

A projectile has no horizontal acceleration, and so it moves at constant speed horizontally. A projectile is in free fall, so its vertical acceleration is 10 m/s per sec

Answer 8

yep

Question 9

In a position-time graph, the object’s position is read from the vertical axis.

Question 10

In a position-time graph, the object’s speed is the slope of the graph. The steeper the slope, the faster the object moves. If the slope is a front slash (/), the movement is in the positive direction; if the slope is a backslash (), the movement is in the negative direction.

Question 11

In a velocity-time graph, the object’s speed is read from the vertical axis. The direction of motion is indicated by the sign on the vertical axis.

Question 12

In a velocity-time graph, the object’s acceleration is the slope of the graph.

Question 13

In a velocity-time graph, the object’s displacement is given by the area between the graph and the horizontal axis. The location of the object can’t be determined from a velocity-time graph; only how far it ended up from its starting point can be determined.

Question 14

The net force on an object is the single force that could replace all the individual forces acting on an object and produce the same effect. Forces acting in the same direction add together to determine the net force; forces acting in opposite directions subtract to determine the net force.

Question 15

The force of friction is the force of a surface on an object. The friction force acts parallel to the surface.

Question 16

Kinetic friction is the friction force when something is moving along the surface and acts opposite the direction of motion.

Question 17

Static friction is the friction force between two surfaces that aren’t moving relative to one another.

Question 18

The normal force is also the force of a surface on an object. The normal force acts perpendicular to the surface

Question 19

The coefficient of friction is a number that tells how sticky two surfaces are.

Question 20

✪ Newton’s third law says that the force of Object A on Object B is equal in amount and opposite in direction to the force of Object B on Object A.

Question 21

Newton’s second law states that an object’s acceleration is the net
force it experiences divided by its mass, and is in the direction of the net force.

Question 22

Only gravitational and electrical forces can act on an object without contact (in AP Physics 1).

Question 23

When an object moves along a surface, the acceleration in a direction perpendicular to that surface must be zero. Therefore, the net force perpendicular to the surface is also zero.

Question 24

The friction force is equal to the coefficient of friction times the normal force, Ff = mFn.

Question 25

If the net force has both a vertical and a horizontal component, use the Pythagorean theorem to determine the magnitude of the net force, and use the tangent function to determine the direction of the net force.

Question 26

One rope has just one tension.

Question 27

Work is done when a force acts on something that moves a distance parallel to that force.

Question 28

Power is defined as energy used per second, or work done per second.

Question 29

Work is done when a force is exerted on an object, and that object moves parallel to the direction of the force.

Question 30

A “conservative” force converts potential energy to other forms of mechanical energy when it does work. Thus, a conservative force does not change the mechanical energy of a system.

Question 31

The only types of potential energy used in AP Physics 1 are due to gravity (mgh) and due to a spring (½kx^2)

Question 32

The work-energy theorem can be written as WNC = (∆KE) + (∆PE), where WNC is the work done by a nonconservative force.

Question 33

Whenever the force on an object is not steady, energy conservation methods must be used to solve the problem. The most common of these situations are curved tracks, springs, and pendulums.

Question 34

The gravitational field g near a planet tells how much 1 kg of mass weighs at a location. Near Earth’s surface, the gravitational field is 10 N/kg.

Question 35

The gravitational force of a planet on any other object in the planet’s gravitational field is mg, where m is the mass of the object experiencing the force.

Question 36

Newton’s gravitation constant is the universal constant
G = 6 × 10−11 N∙m^2/kg^2.

Question 37

The amount of gravitational field depends on two things: the mass of the planet creating the field (M) and the distance you are from that planet’s center (d). The relevant equation for the gravitation field g produced by a planet is g=G * M/d^2.

Question 38

The gravitational force of one object on another is given by F = G *mm/d^2

Question 39

Centripetal acceleration is the name given to an object’s acceleration toward the center of a circle. “Centripetal” simply means “toward the center.”

Question 40

Torque occurs when a force applied to an object could cause the object to rotate.

Question 41

The lever arm for a force is the closest distance from the fulcrum, pivot, or axis of rotation to the line on which that force acts.

Question 42

When an object moves in a circle, it has an acceleration directed toward the center of the circle. The amount of that acceleration is a = v^2/r

Question 43

The torque t provided by a force is given by the equation t = Fd⊥

Question 44

In any system in which the only torques acting are between objects in that system, angular momentum is conserved. This effectively means that angular momentum is conserved in all collisions, but also in numerous other situations.

Question 45

Angular momentum is conserved any time an object, or system of objects, experiences no net torque.

Question 46

When an object is rotating, its rotational kinetic energy is ½Iw2