Physics

Question 1

Four major quantities in radiation physics

Answer 1

Radioactivity, radiation exposure, radiation absorbed dose and radiation dose equivalent

Question 2

What is the unit system utilized for a uniform worldwide standard?

Answer 2

SI System (International System of Units)

Question 3

SI unit Length

Answer 3

Meters

Question 4

SI unit Mass

Answer 4

Kilogram

Question 5

SI Unit Time

Answer 5

Seconds

Question 6

SI Unit Temperature

Answer 6

Kelvin

Question 7

SI Unit Current

Answer 7

Ampere

Question 8

Atom

Answer 8

Smallest unit of an element

Question 9

Unit for Radioactivity

Answer 9

Curie

Question 10

1 Ci =

Answer 10

3.7 x 10^10 Becquerel

Question 11

Unit for Radiation Exposure

Answer 11

Roentgen

Question 12

1 Roentgen =

Answer 12

2.58 x 10^-4 C/kg

Question 13

Unit for Radiation Absorbed Dose

Answer 13

1 Rad

Question 14

1 Rad=

Answer 14

.01 Gy

Question 15

1 Gy = ___ Rad

Answer 15

100

Question 16

Unit for Radiation Dose Equivalent

Answer 16

Rem

Question 17

Rem=

Answer 17

QF x rad

Question 18

Unit for denoting atomic particle mass

Answer 18

amu

Question 19

Electrical charge

Answer 19

determine strength of their EM interaction

Question 20

First model of the atom

Answer 20

Plum Pudding Model by JJ Thomson

Question 21

What occurs when an electrons moves from a higher energy orbit to a lower energy orbit?

Answer 21

Radiation is emitted

Question 22

What is Planck’s Constant?

Answer 22

h

Question 23

What is the Lowest energy state

Answer 23

n=1

Question 24

How many quantum numbers to distinguish each orbital from the other?

Answer 24

3; n,l,m

Question 25

Principal quantum number (n)

Answer 25

determines the energy and size of the atomic orbital (n=1-7 OR K-Q)

Question 26

Quantum number (l)

Answer 26

angular shape of the orbital and angular momentum of electron (l= n-1, SPDF)

Question 27

Magnetic Quantum Number (m)

Answer 27

differentiate the orientation of the orbital in each sub shell, also describe the change of energy on the electron being affected by the external magnetic field

Question 28

Ground state

Answer 28

electron wants to occupy an orbital that would lead to its lowest energy state

Question 29

Pauli Exclusion Principle

Answer 29

no two electron in an atom have the same four quantum numbers

Question 30

Maximum number of electrons allowed in the shell

Answer 30

2n^2

Question 31

Electron Binding Energy

Answer 31

amount of energy required to remove the electron from the atom

Question 32

Excitation

Answer 32

Electron is given some energy that elevates it to a higher energy empty state (excited state) and the atom becomes unstable

Question 33

How is excitation resolved?

Answer 33

1. Electron is able to return to ground state and gives the excess energy off as radiation 2. With enough energy, the electron overcomes the binding energy and its removed from the atom

Question 34

Ionization

Answer 34

Sufficient energy is given to the electron, which enables it to overcome its binding energy and be removed from the atom

Question 35

Characteristic X-rays

Answer 35

Occurs when core electrons are ionized and then higher energy state electrons fill the vacancy. The energy released to shift to a lower energy shell is released in the form of photons as characteristic x-rays.

Question 36

Auger Electron

Answer 36

The excess energy from the ionization process can also be excessive enough to eject an outer electrons, known as Auger Electron