Physician Assisting Flashcards
Main place that drains the pleural fluid
stomata-connects the lymphatic system to the plueral space
Lab values associated with transudative effusion
Protein <50%, and LDH <60%
What is the most common cause of transudative effusion
CHF
Most common cause of exudative effusion caused by a tumor
Tumors
More common in women with breast cancer
When you see Paraneumonic effusion what do you think as far as the cause?
Bacterial pnuemonia
The main cause of transudative is pressure changes, the main cause of exudative is what?
They are due to inflammation
Bacterial pnuemonia will eventually lead to what
an Empyema
What are the main causes of exudative effusions
TB or Viral, also post op fluid
Plueral friction rub will be heard with what?
exudative
Chylothorax is caused from what?
Chyle, which is a milky substance found in the small intestine. This backs up through the lymphatic system into the pleural space
Chyle in the plueral space is usually caused by what?
trauma to the neck, surgery, and most commonly, cancerr
what sign on the x ray will be associated with effusion?
meniscus sign and blunted angles
indication for thoracentesis
pleural fluid is causing respiratory compromise secondary to a large effusion
What are the contraindication for thoracentesis?
platelet count <50,000, uncontrollable coagulopathy, or uncooperative patient
chest tube sizes
adult 24-28 FR children 10-12 Fr
