physical uk geography

Question 1

describe north norfolk coast

Answer 1

rates of erosion are increased by strong prevailing winds from the north sea
exposure to weathering
soft rock
management in one location can affect other locations

Question 2

depositional features

Answer 2

spits
beaches
bar and lagoons

Question 3

types of coastal zone managements

Answer 3

hold the line
advance the line
strategic realignment
do nothing

Question 4

types of hard engineering

Answer 4

groynes
sea walls
gabions
revetments

Question 5

types of soft engineering

Answer 5

planting vegetation
beach nourishment
offshore breakwater
cliff drainage

Question 6

types of erosion

Answer 6

hydraulic action
attrition
abrasion

Question 7

hydraulic action

Answer 7

water breaks pieces off after it gets into cracks

Question 8

attrition

Answer 8

rounded through bashing together

Question 9

abrasion

Answer 9

friction wears down

Question 10

igneous rocks

Answer 10

old, formed from lava and magma

Question 11

sedimentary rocks

Answer 11

formed from eroded sediments on the sea bed

Question 12

metamorphic rocks

Answer 12

heated and compressed sedimentary rock

Question 13

glaciation

Answer 13

as land is uplifted, rivers erode into it creating v shaped valleys
ice ages bring glaciers to upland areas
a variety of features is left behind once it melts

Question 14

upland - weathering

Answer 14

freeze thaw creates scree slopes
scree is unstable and moves easily in rockfalls
heavy rain increases the risk of landslides

Question 15

upland - post glacial river processes

Answer 15

deep u shaped valleys
misfit streams
mud and silt deposited in valley bottoms making them fertile

Question 16

lowland landscape - weathering

Answer 16

chalk is affected by chemical weathering
tree and shrub roots break up solid rock (biological weathering)

Question 17

lowland - post glacial river and slope processes

Answer 17

rivers form on clay soils, but not on chalk
slope processes are slow (soil creep)

Question 18

how does human activity change the landscape

Answer 18

planting
cleared land for farming

Question 19

tees exes line

Answer 19

from newcastle to plymouth

Question 20

north of the tees exes line

Answer 20

older, more resistant rocks
igneous and metamorphic
upland areas

Question 21

south of the tees exes line

Answer 21

younger, weaker sedimentary rock
easily lifted and folded
sandstone clay and chalk

Question 22

plucking

Answer 22

rocks are pulled from the back wall as water freezes to them

Question 23

scarp and vale

Answer 23

resistant rock, like chalk form steep escarpments

Question 24

human activities - agriculture

Answer 24

cleared land
field boundaries

Question 25

human activities - forestry

Answer 25

plant trees in a straight pattern, not native to the uk

Question 26

human activities - settlement

Answer 26

straightern river to build houses, land concreted over

Question 27

concordant

Answer 27

parallel

Question 28

discordant

Answer 28

perpendicular

Question 29

constructive

Answer 29

deposition, low frequency

Question 30

destructive

Answer 30

erodes, high frequency

Question 31

mass movement - sliding

Answer 31

when large sections of rock rapidly shift downslope along a straight slip plane

Question 32

mass movement - rockfall

Answer 32

when fragments of rock break away from the cliff face and fall

Question 33

mass movement - slumping

Answer 33

when material shifts downwards, rotating along a curved slip plane, usually as a result of becoming saturated

Question 34

solution

Answer 34

dissolved materials are carried along. you cannot see it

Question 35

suspension

Answer 35

small pieces of sediment are held in the water it looks muddy

Question 36

saltation

Answer 36

rocks bounce

Question 37

traction

Answer 37

rocks roll