PHYSICAL - Topic 1: Tectonic processes and hazards

Question 1

Name the layers of the earth - inside to out

Answer 1

Inner core, outer core, mantle, crust

Question 2

What types of crust are there?

Answer 2

Oceanic, continental

Question 3

What is the listhosphere?

Answer 3

Crust and uppermost solid mantle

Question 4

What are P waves

Answer 4

Primary seismic waves

Question 5

What happens when a P wave hits materials of different densities

Answer 5

EITHER
A) refracts the P wave
B) cause the P wave to travel or different speeds

Question 6

What do indirect signals in the P wave shadow zone suggest?

Answer 6

There is a solid inner core deflecting some of the waves

Question 7

What are s waves?

Answer 7

Secondary waves

Question 8

What can S waves travel through?

Answer 8

They can only travel through solid or semi-solid rock

Question 9

What happens when S waves hit the liquid outer core?

Answer 9

They are refracted and reflected by the liquid outer core

Question 10

What is the composition of the continental crust?

Answer 10

Granitic rocks, light color. The rocks contain minerals rich in silica(si) and aluminum(al). There are sedimentary rocks evident

Question 11

What is the composition of the oceanic crust?

Answer 11

Dark colour, Basalt, tend to contain minerals rich in silica(si) and magnesium =(ma)

Question 12

What was the one big piece of land called 225 mill years ago?

Answer 12

Pangea

Question 13

What does rifting cause?

Answer 13

Continents to split apart and new oceans to form

Question 14

Is the inner core a solid , liquid or gas?

Answer 14

Solid

Question 15

Is the outer core a solid, liquid or gas?

Answer 15

Liquid

Question 16

What can a conservative plate boundary also be called

Answer 16

divergent plate boundary

Question 17

what can a destructive plate boundary also be called

Answer 17

convergent

Question 18

What can a conservative plate boundary also be called

Answer 18

transform

Question 19

What is a conservative / divergent plate boundary?

Answer 19

sliding past each other

Question 20

What is a destructive/ convergent plate boundary?

Answer 20

Plates come together and one is subducted under the other

Question 21

What is a conservative / trasform plate boundary?

Answer 21

Two plates pull away from each other

Question 22

What happens when an oceanic plate meets a continental plate?

Answer 22

The oceanic plate is denser so when the plates collide, the oceanic plate is subducted (slides) under the continental plate into the mantle. Deep ocean trenches mark the place where the oceanic plate starts to sink beneath the continental. Subduction leads to fold mountains - continental plate folds and slowly rises. Friction between plates causes earthquakes in the Benioff zone

Question 23

What happens when the oceanic plate meets another oceanic plate?

Answer 23

The denser or faster plate is subducted beneath the other and deep ocean trenches form. The subducted plate melts and rises from benioff zone to form underwater volcanoes, making low poer earthquakes