Physical Science

Question 1

equation for Work (W)

Answer 1

W = F x d (displacement)

Question 2

power is…

Answer 2

the rate at which work is done

Question 3

examples of simple machines

Answer 3

plane, lever, wheel and axle, and pulley

Question 4

kinetic energy

Answer 4

energy of motion; measured in joules

Question 5

changes in kinetic energy occur when a force does work on an object and what is altered

Answer 5

speed

Question 6

potential energy is

Answer 6

stored

Question 7

lifting an object increases its

Answer 7

gravitational potential energy

Question 8

compressing or expanding of an elastic or spring is…

Answer 8

elastic potential energy

Question 9

power equation

Answer 9

power = work/time

Question 10

the purpose of a simple machine is…

Answer 10

to decrease the amount of force required to do the same amount of work by increasing the distance

Question 11

an inclined plane

Answer 11

ramp; like getting on box onto a moving truck

Question 12

a wedge

Answer 12

a movable inclined plane; helps split or lift objects; knives, axes, doorstops, plows

Question 13

screw

Answer 13

a wedge or inclined plane wrapped around a shaft or post. screws into objects. less force than a hammer/nail.

Question 14

lever

Answer 14

easier to lift something; like a seesaw, apply force to one side and the other side moves (seesaw, wheelbarrel)

Question 15

wheel and axle

Answer 15

faucet, bike tire

Question 16

pulley

Answer 16

a wheel with a rope wrapped around it. more ropes makes things easier to pull

Question 17

the amount of energy in a system

Answer 17

is conserved. it stays the same; it can change forms, be transferred between objects

Question 18

displacement

Answer 18

when something changes location from one place to another

Question 19

acceleration

Answer 19

change in velocity of an object

Question 20

friction

Answer 20

is equal and opposite to our force

Question 21

the first property of friction

Answer 21

if the body does not move when horizontal force F is applied, then the static frictional force is equal and opposite

Question 22

electrical charge is transferred in 3 ways

Answer 22

conduction, induction, and friction

Question 23

electrical charge conduction

Answer 23

takes places between two conductive materials. There must be a point of contact between the two materials, and a potential difference

Question 24

induction of electrical charge

Answer 24

requires conductive materials, occurs due to on ematerial encountering a varying magnetic field

Question 25

friction of electrical charge

Answer 25

does not require conductive materials; electrons may be transferred from one thing to another when rubbed together, leaving the materials with equal and opposite charges (attraction)

Question 26

conductors

Answer 26

electrons are able to move freely; metals; copper and silver

Question 27

insulators

Answer 27

naturally inhibit the movement of charge; electrons are held tightly; highly conductive materials are covered with insulators to not allow charge to escape