Physical Property Analyzers

Question 1

What is a boiling point?

Answer 1

A point in which the vapor pressure of a substance is the same as the atmospheric pressure.

Question 2

What is distillation?

Answer 2

Separation of mixtures by boiling points

Question 3

What is a fraction or a cut?

Answer 3

Fractions or cuts are substances with similar boiling points.

Question 4

What is final boiling point in the laboratory ASTM 86 method?

Answer 4

Maximum vapour temperature after the whole sample vaporizes.

Question 5

What is initial boiling point in the laboratory ASTM 86 method?

Answer 5

Vapour temperature when the first drop of condensate appears.

Question 6

What component in a vacuum distillation analyzer sets the ratio of vapour to liquid?

Answer 6

Relative pumping rates of the two gear pumps

Question 7

The pressure that a liquid generates in a closed container when it is at equilibrium is the _____________ pressure at a particular temperature

Answer 7

Vapour

Question 8

What is RVP?

Answer 8

Reid Vapour Pressure; an absolute vapour pressure a liquid produces at 37.8 Celsius.

Question 9

What are the 3 components of RVP equipment?

Answer 9

1) Bourdon tube pressure gauge
2) Vapour chamber
3) Liquid chamber that is 1/4 size of the vapour chamber

Question 10

What are the 2 features of an IBP analyzer?

Answer 10

1) Measures the boiling point from 5-50% at specified percent recovery
2) The orifice plate is installed on the vapour flow line at the top of the column

Question 11

What are the 2 features of an FBP analyzer?

Answer 11

1) Measures the boiling point from 50-95% range of specified percent recovery
2) The orifice plate is installed on the liquid flow line at the bottom of the column

Question 12

What are the 2 features of a vacuum distillation analyzer?

Answer 12

1) Measures boiling points at a reduced pressure for a specified percent recovery
2) Uses a vacuum pump

Question 13

A liquid’s ________ refers to it’s tendency to form a vapor

Answer 13

Volatility

Question 14

What are the 2 types of vapour pressure analyzers?

Answer 14

1) Air saturated Vapour Pressure Analyzer
2) Dynamic Vapour Pressure Analyzer

Question 15

Where are vapour pressure analyzers used?

Answer 15

1) Product quality
2) Gasoline environmental regulations
3) Safe storage

Question 16

What is viscosity?

Answer 16

A fluid’s resistance to flow

Question 17

What do Poise and Pascal seconds units measure?

Answer 17

dynamic or absolute viscosity

Question 18

What units can be used for measuring kinematic viscosities?

Answer 18

centistoke and square meters per second

Question 19

In liquids, an increase in temperature causes viscosity to __________.

Answer 19

Decrease

Question 20

In gasses, an increase in temperature causes viscosity to _________.

Answer 20

Slightly increase