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9th Grade History (Cont.) > Physical Geography > Flashcards

Physical Geography Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the difference between weather and climate?

A

Weather is temporary, while climate is long term.

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2
Q

A map that shows data

A

Cartogram

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3
Q

A mapmaker

A

Cartographer

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4
Q

Why are there map distortions?

A

Because a sphere cannot be perfectly flat.

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5
Q

An inset map

A

A closer view of a specific part of a map

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6
Q

Hobo-dyer

A

Upside down map with Australia in the center

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7
Q

5 parts of a map

A
  1. Title- Tells you what you’re looking at
  2. Latitude/Longitude- Grid on map to find an exact point
  3. Scale- Distance on the ground compared to distance on the map
  4. Legend/Key- Interpret what’s on a map
  5. Compass- Cardinal directions (N, E, S, W) Intermediate directions (NE, SE, SW, SE) What direction you’re going
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8
Q

What was mapping considered in the 1500’s?

A

An art

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9
Q

Confluence

A

The point where two rivers come together

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10
Q

Archipelago

A

A group/chain of islands

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11
Q

Tributary

A

Smaller of two rivers that connect

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12
Q

Island

A

Land completely surrounded by water

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13
Q

Isthmus

A

Narrow strip of land connecting two larger areas of land

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14
Q

Delta

A

Where a river meets the ocean (Land and sediment deposit at river mouth)

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15
Q

Lake

A

Nature made body of water

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16
Q

Plateau

A

High flat area of land with steep cliffs

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17
Q

Peninsula

A

Area of land surrounded by water on three sides

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18
Q

Gulf

A

Large bay, arm of ocean or sea

19
Q

Basin

A

Low, flat land surrounded by mountains

20
Q

Mountain

A

Large wide land with a steep peak

21
Q

Reservoir

A

Man-made body of water

22
Q

Channel

A

Narrow strip of water connecting two larger bodies of water

23
Q

Plain

A

Flat/gently rolling land

24
Q

Marsh

A

Low, wet land

25
Q

Canyon

A

Narrow, steep valley cut by river/glaciers

26
Q

What are the 3 climate regions?

A
  1. Polar- 66.5 degrees N/S
  2. Temperate- 0 degrees
  3. Tropical- 33.5 degrees N/S
27
Q

What are the Circles of Latitude?

A
  1. Arctic Circle- 66.5 degrees N: December is 24 hours of darkness, June is 24 hours of daylight
  2. Tropic of Cancer- 23.5 degrees N: June 21st is solstice
  3. Equator- 0 degrees: Divides the Earth
  4. Tropic of Capricorn- 23.5 degrees S: December 21st is solstice
  5. Antarctic Circle- 66.5 degrees S: June is 24 hours of darkness, December is 24 hours of daylight
28
Q

5 themes of geography

A
  1. Location
  2. Place
  3. Human Environment Interaction
    a. Modify
    b. Adapt
    c. Depend
  4. Movement
    a. People
    b. Ideas
    c. Goods
  5. Region (Political/Human)
29
Q

3 main stages of the water cycle

A
  1. Evaporation- Liquid to gas
  2. Condensation- Gas to liquid
  3. Precipitation- Water falls from atmosphere
30
Q

Saffir-Simpson Scale

A

The scale on which hurricanes are measured

31
Q

Fujita Scale

A

The scale on which tornadoes are measured

32
Q

Richter Scale

A

The scale on which earthquakes are measured

33
Q

Thunderstorms

A

Shock wave caused by explosive heat

34
Q

Epicenter

A

The middle of an earthquake

35
Q

Geography

A

Study of rocks and the Earth

36
Q

Autocracy

A

Rule by one

  • Monarchy (Heredity)
  • Dictator
37
Q

Oligarchy

A

Rule by minority

-Aristocracy (Small wealthy group)

38
Q

Anarchy

A

Rule by no one

39
Q

Socialism

A

Rule by all

  • Fascism (Total control)
  • Communism (Classless society)
40
Q

Democracy

A

Rule by majority

41
Q

Republic

A

Rule by law (Like democracy, but with representatives)

42
Q

Diffusion

A

Spread of culture or ideas

43
Q

Ethnocentric

A

Belief that your culture is superior to all others

44
Q

Assimilation

A

Merging of cultural traits

9th Grade History (Cont.) (6 decks)

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