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physical features of india Flashcards

1
Q

In punjab/kashmir himalayas the region/river bordering it is?

A

Indus and satluj river

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2
Q

Satluj and kali river are bordering which division of the himalayas?

A

Kumaon himalaya

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3
Q

What rivers are bordering nepal himalaya?

A

kali and tista river

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4
Q

Brahmaputra and tista river surrounds which himalayas?

A

Assam himalayas

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5
Q

The northernmost range of the Himalayas is known as-

A

great /inner himalayas or the himadri

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6
Q

The average height of himadri is-

A

6000m

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7
Q

The folds of the great himalayas are_____ in nature

A

asymmetrical

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8
Q

The core of himadri himalayas is composed of-

A

granite

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9
Q

range lying to the south of himadri is?

A

himachal or lesser himalayas

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10
Q

himachal himalayas have the most ________ mountain system

A

rugged

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11
Q

himachal has what type of rocks?

A

highly compressed and altered rocks

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12
Q

height of lesser himalayas?

A

3700-4500 m

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13
Q

average width of lesser himalayas?

A

50 km

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14
Q

the ________ range forms the longest and most important range in himachal himalayas

A

Pir Panjal Range

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15
Q

other prominent ranges of himachal?

A

Dhaula Dhar, Mahabharat ranges

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16
Q

himachal also consist of famous valleys like-

A

kashmir, kangra and kullu valley in himachal pradesh

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17
Q

the shiwaliks is the ________ range of the himalayas

A

outermost range

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18
Q

width of outermost range of himalayas is?

A

10-50 km

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19
Q

altitude of shiwaliks

A

900 and 1100 metres

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20
Q

the shiwaliks are composed of ________ type of rocks

A

unconsolidated sediments

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21
Q

the valleys of shiwaliks are covered with-

A

thick gravel and alluvium

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22
Q

longitudinal valley lying between lesser himalayas and the shiwaliks are known as?

A

Duns

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23
Q

some well knows Duns-

A

Dehra Dun, Kotli Dun, Patli Dun

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24
Q

3 plains of the northern plains-

A

Punjab plains
Ganga plain
Assam plain

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25
Q

how long does northern plain spread over?

A

7 lakh sq km

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26
Q

how long is the northern plain?

A

2400 km

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27
Q

how broad is the northern plain?

A

240-320km

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28
Q

river systems-

A

Indus
Ganga
Brahmaputra

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29
Q

4 relief sections-

A

Bhabar
Terai
Bhangar
Khadar

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30
Q

plains-

A

flatlands that have only small changes in elevations

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31
Q

plateau-

A

it is a large flat area of land that is higher than the surrounding land

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32
Q

peninsula-

A

a piece of land almost surrounded by water or projecting out into a body of water

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33
Q

average elevation of western ghats?

A

900-1600 metres

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34
Q

elevation of eastern ghats?

A

600m

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35
Q

western ghats stretches from?

A

satpura range till tamil nadu

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36
Q

eastern ghats stretches from?

A

mahanadi and nilgris in the south

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37
Q

western ghats are ________ and _______in nature

A

regular and continuous

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38
Q

eastern ghats are ______ and ________ in nature

A

irregular and dissected by rivers

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39
Q

highest peaks of western ghats-

A

anai mudi (2695m) and deda betta (2637m)

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40
Q

highest peak of eastern ghats-

A

mahendragiri (1501m)

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41
Q

western ghats are ______ to the _______coast

A

parallel, western

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42
Q

______ and ____ are to the southeast of the eastern ghats

A

shevroy hills, javadi hills

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43
Q

western coastal plain stretches from-

A

gujarat to tamil nadu

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44
Q

eastern coastal plain stretches from-

A

bengal to tamil nadu

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45
Q

western coastal plains are sandwiched between ______ and __________

A

western ghats and arabian sea

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46
Q

_____is an important part of eastern ocastal plains

A

lake chilika

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47
Q

northern part of Western coastal plain is-

A

konkan (mumbai-to-goa)

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48
Q

central stretch of WCP-

A

kannada plain

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49
Q

southern stretch of WCP-

A

malabar coast

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50
Q

what rivers have delta on eastern coastal plain?

A

mahanadi, godavri, krishna,kaveri

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51
Q

northern part of ECP-

A

northern circar

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52
Q

southern part of ECP-

A

coromandel coast

53
Q

plains along bay of bengal are ________ and ________

A

wide , level

54
Q

terrai is a______

A

swampy marshland

55
Q

bhangar is made of-

A

old alluvium

56
Q

khadar is -

A

extremely fertile and ideal for agriculture

57
Q

peninsular plateau is made of _____soil

A

black

58
Q

west to _______hills lies the indian dessert

A

aravalli

59
Q

indian desert receives______ rainfall during the year

A

minimal

60
Q

main river in indian desert-

A

luni

61
Q

group of islands in india-

A

andaman and nicobar islands

Lakshadweep islands

62
Q

land mass was called?

A

pangea

63
Q

oceanic mass is called?

A

panthalassa

64
Q

southern part of pangea was?

A

Gondwana Land (peninsular part)

65
Q

________plate drifted north

A

indo australian

66
Q

the plate that drifted north collided with _______ forming _______

A

Eurasian plate, indian landmass

67
Q

gondwana land consisted of which countries?

A

india, australia, south africa, south america and antarctica

68
Q

the himalyan mountains are located in the ________of india

A

northern borders

69
Q

the Himalayan mountains run between ________ and _______

A

indus and brahmaputra

70
Q

the Himalayan mountains covers _______ of distance

A

2400 km

71
Q

the Himalayan mountains’ width varies from _____ in Kashmir to _____in Arunachal Pradesh

A

400km, 150 km

72
Q

____________ is india’s highest peak. it is _______ long

A

Kanchenjunga, 8598m

73
Q

what are also known as the eastern himalayas?

A

purvanchal range

74
Q

the purvanchal range is composed of sandstones which are ________

A

sedimentary rocks

75
Q

what hills lie in the purvanchal range?

A

Patkai hills, Naga hills, Manipur hills, Mizo hills

76
Q

______, __________ and___ are found in the purvanchal range

A

dense forest, valleys and rivers

77
Q

the northern plain is formed because of the deposition of ________in the foothills of Himalayas

A

alluvium

78
Q

how are riverine islands formed?

A 
river 
deposition
formation of land between river
velocity of water decreases
formation of the riverine island
79
Q

______in the Brahmaputra is the largest inhabited river island in the world

A

Maujuli

80
Q

what are distributaries?

A

due to the deposition of sediments in the lower course the river splits into numerous channels leading to the formation of distributaries

81
Q

what is doab?

A

land between 2 rivers

82
Q

example of doab-

A

ganga yamuna doab

83
Q

_______ are the western part of northern plain

A

punjab plain

84
Q

the punjab plain is formed by __________ and its tributeries

A

indus

85
Q

tributaries of river indus

A

jhelum, chenah, ravi, beas, satluj

86
Q

the ganga plains extends between ________ and ______

A

Ghaggar and teesta

87
Q

the ganga plain spreads from-

A

haryana, delhi, uttar pradesh, partly in jharkhand, west bengal

88
Q

what plain is east to the ganga plain?

A

brahmaputra plain

89
Q

the brahmaputra covers most of ______ and states of ____

A

assam, northeast

90
Q

bhabhar is ____ to ____ in width

A

8 to 16 km

91
Q

bhabhar is parallel to the -______

A

shiwaliks

92
Q

bhabhar is comprised by __________ which are brought down by rivers

A

pebbles

93
Q

streams _______in bhabhar belt

A

dissapear

94
Q

what is to the south of bhabhar belt?

A

terai

95
Q

terai is a ______ , ___________ and _______region

A

wet, swampy and marshy

96
Q

________ and _____ re-emerge in terai

A

streams and rivers

97
Q

bhangar comprises of _________

A

old alluvium

98
Q

bhangar lies above the _______ of the river and presents a _______ like feature

A

floodplains, terrace

99
Q

soil in bhangar region contains __________deposits

A

calcareous deposits (kankar)

100
Q

bhangar is relatively ________

A

less fertile

101
Q

khadar is _____ and _____ alluvium

A

new and young

102
Q

khadar is renewed ______ thus, it is _________

A

every year, very fertile

103
Q

khadar is ideal for ________

A

agriculture

104
Q

the peninsular plateau is composed of _______ , ______, _________rocks

A

old crystalline, igneous, metamorphic

105
Q

the peninsular plateau is made of ______soil

A

black

106
Q

central highland lies ______to ______river

A

North, Narmada

107
Q

major part of _______plateau makes up the central highlands

A

malwa

108
Q

the indian dessert lies towards the margin of the ______hills

A

Aravalli

109
Q

the indian desert is a _______ covered with _________

A

sandy plain, sandy dunes

110
Q

the indian desert receives ________ below ________mm

A

low rainfall, 150 mm

111
Q

what are barchans?

A

crescent shaped dunes found in the thar desert

112
Q

lakshwadeep islands cover a distance of _____sq km

A

32

113
Q

lakshwadeep’s administrative headquarters

A

Karavatti

114
Q

what island in lakshwadeep islands is uninhabited and has a bird sanctuary?

A

pitti island

115
Q

what are corals?

A

a short-lived microscopic organism which lives in colonies.

116
Q

corals flourish in?

A

shallow, mud-free and warm water

117
Q

what do corals secrete?

A

calcium carbonate

118
Q

an example of reefs?

A

The great barrier reef of Australia

119
Q

what are atolls?

A

circular or horseshoe-shaped coral reefs

120
Q

how do mountains benefit us?

A

major source of water and forest wealth

121
Q

how do northern plains help us?

A

greeneries of the country

122
Q

how are plateau’s useful?

A

storehouse of minerals

123
Q

how do coastal/islands benefit us?

A

provides sites for fishing and port activities

124
Q

to north of central highlands is _____, to the south - ___________ and to the northwest - _______

A

Vindhya, Satpura, Aravali

125
Q

rivers that flow from southwest to southeast in central highlands?

A

chambal, betwa, sind, ken

126
Q

central highlands are wider in the west as _________

A

bundelkhand

127
Q

central highlands are narrower in the east as _________

A

Bagelkhand

128
Q

the eastward extension of central highlands is _____

A

Chota Nagpur plateau

129
Q

deccan plateau is a ____ lying south to_________

A

triangular mass, narmada river

geo (2 decks)

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