physical facts Flashcards
1
Q
how much of amazon has been destroyed in last 50 years
A
50%
2
Q
what is the trans amazonian highway
A
connects remote parts of rainforest - 3200km long
3
Q
how much of worlds rainforest does amazon contain
A
60%
4
Q
how much of amazon deforested daily
A
2000 football feilds
5
Q
how much of intercepted returns to atmosphere by EVT comparred to when forest cleared
A
75% compared to 25%
6
Q
how many nenets does the russian periglacial enviroment support
A
10,000 and over 300,000 reindeer
7
Q
how deep in permafrost on the yamal peninsula
A
300m
8
Q
how many tourists visit the lake district each year
A
15.8 million
9
Q
how much has been spent on the fix the fells project in the lake district
A
£10 million in last 10 years
10
Q
whats happening to paths in lake district
A
2 m paths becoming 12 m
11
Q
what happens to resivors in Australia during big dry
A
fell to 40% capacity
12
Q
how many homes in tewkesbury effected during 2007 floods costing how much
A
48,000 costing council £140,000
13
Q
how many times did upton flood in 2007
A
6
14
Q
how many people died in upton from 2007 floods
A
12
15
Q
how much damage did river severn cause in 2007 floods
A
£6 million
16
Q
how high did river level rise to in worcrster above normal in 2007 floods
A
4.5 m
17
Q
how many tourists vistit everst each year
A
100,000
18
Q
what did the goverment do in nepal
A
compain to clear 10,000kg of trash, each vistitor has to pay $4000 deposit returned if person returns 8kg of trash
19
Q
how many live elow poverty line in nepal
A
1 in 4
20
Q
how much would sea levels rise if greenlands ice melted
A
7 meters
21
Q
how much of greenland is covered in ice
A
80% which is 10% of global ice
22
Q
how much quicker is greenland losing its ice now than it was in 1990s
A
7 x
23
Q
how many people live less than 10m above sea levels
A
1 billion
24
Q
how long is the nile
A
4285 miles
25
how many people rely on the nile
200 million
26
how many countries does the nile run through
11
27
how much does on Egypt water reliance is from the nile
95%
28
how much water does the average person in the US use per day
156 gallons
29
how much of earths water is fresh
3%
30
between ---- and ---- the tocantins river showed a what % increase in discharge due to deforesation rates
1996 to 1997 25% increase
31
how much of londons water comes from aquifers
40%
32
when was the drought on the horn of africa
July 2001 no proper rain for 2 years
33
how many people were are risk of famine at horn of africa drought
12 million
34
since 1950 what has california population increased by
250%
35
what dam was announced in 2011
grand ethiopia renaissance dam
36
when did egypt agree to GERD
march 2015
37
how much does desalination cost more than tap water
50-100% more
38
how much does a desanlination plant emit in co2
as much as 350 million cars
39
how many people does desalination provide with clean water in china
500,000
40
how much of world lives in areas recieving 25% of annual rainfall
66%
41
how much water needed to make 1kg of rice
2975 l
42
how many people needed to be relocated due to 3 gorge dam
1.3 million
43
how many will be protected from flooding due to 3 gorge dam
100 million
44
disadvantages of water transfer project in china
cost $80 billion, 300,000 displaced
45
how much energy from hep on 3 gorge dam per year
100 billion kwh
46
impacts of droughts in forest
pine trees take 4 years to recover
47
how many trans boundary water sources lack management
158/263
48
how much fresh water is used in industry
20%
49
who came up with pangaea
alfred wegener in 1912
50
how came up with paleomagnetism
harry hess 1962
51
where do --% of quakes occur
70% occur on ring of fire
52
how many quakes occur on plate margins
95%
53
what was the magnitude of the 2010 christchurch quake and depth
6.3 mag, depth of 4km
54
how many died christchurch quake
185
55
how much did christchurch quake cost
$28 billion
56
speed and temp of pyroclastic flows
100km per hour up to 700c
57
lava flow temps
upto 1170c
58
how many passengers stranded due to eyjafjalljokull erupton
10 million
59
how much did airlines lose due to eyjafjalljokull
$1.7 billion
60
who benefitted from eyjafjalljokull
eurostar who saw extra 50,000 passengers
61
impact on glaciers from eyjafjalljokull
glacier melting leding to flooding
62
what caused indian ocean tsunami
9.1 magnitude earthquake of coast of indoneisa
63
how many people died of indian ocean 2004 tsunami
225,000 - lack of warning system meant coastal cities unexpected
64
how much aid given to indian ocean tsumani
$14 billion
65
total cost of indian ocea tusnami
$9.4 billion
66
how many deaths from haiti
230,000
67
Haiti earthquake mgnitude
7
68
issue with aid in haiti
failed to reach thise who needed it most, and UN soilders introduced cholera outbreak killing 10,000
69
how much was damages of haiti
$8.5 billion
70
how many left homeless after Haiti
1.5 million
71
japan 2011 earthquake magnitude
9 which triggered tsumani with waves 40m high
72
how any victims from japan earthquake over 60
66%
73
how many people live coastly in Japan
80%
74
how many died from japan earthquake
15,853
75
how much did japan earthquake cost
£181 billion
76
how much aid given for japan earthquake
$1 billion
77
how long did it take to repair motorway in japan quake
6 days
78
what does un predict population will be by 2030
9 billion
79
what is opec
igo set up in 1960
80
how many countries are members of opec
14
81
what do opec do
aim to create stable income for oil producing countries by controlling prices and they controll 40% of worlds oil supply
82
how many rigs in. Gulf of Mexico
63 in 2014
83
how much of earths surface do forest cover and how much is natural
30% and 15% natural
84
how much coral reef is being destroyed
26km per decade
85
how long does it take for carbon to enter and leave rocks (geological cycle)
100,000 years
86
how many tonnes of carbon are stored in uk fossil fuels
143 billion tonnes
87
how much co2 was emmited by icelandic volcanic eruptions in 2010
150,000 to 300,000 tonnes per day
88
how % did the icelandic eruption contribute to global ghg emmisions in 2010
0.3%
89
how much energy does carbon produce world wide
30%
90
how much carbon do humans emit annually
35 GT
91
what % of carbon containing rock is from corals and plankton
80%
92
how much co2 does phytoplankton sequester to deep ocean
2 billion tonnes per year
93
how much larger is the ocean as a carbon store than the atmosphere
50x
94
how much carbon in onceans stored as plants algea and coral
93%
95
what has co2 concententraions risen by in last decade
from 25% to 39%
96
by end of century what is earths temp expected to rise by
4 c
97
a rise of 1.5c puts how many species at risk of extinctiobn
20-30%
98
how much of global carbon stored in soil
20-30%
99
since 18-- how much carbon has been lost from soil due to cultivation and disterbance
1850, 40-90 billion tonnes
100
how much carbon does peatlands store
550gt twice as much as forest biomass
101
what % of fossil fuels account for worlds energy mix
86%
102
what % of worlds energy is consumed in cities
75%
103
how much less is frances energy consumption to usa
1/10
104
how much of usa energy is fossils fuels
80%
105
how much of usa energy is renewables
10%
106
how much energy does usa import
15%
107
how much of Frances energy is fossil fuels
50%
108
how much of Frances energy is renewable
10%
109
how much of Frances energy is nuclear
40%
110
in 2019 how much did % of energy from coal drop by
3%
111
how much os there gas does gazaprom export to europe
80%
112
how much worlds oil is transported by tankers on ships
50%
113
what % of tar sands does canada have
73%
114
how much of uk energy will hinkley point c provide
7%
115
what % of temperate forests were detroyed by 19th century
90%
116
how much deforestation is from soy palm oil beef
50%
117
when did the biofuel rush occure in midland america
2007- 2015
118
how much grassland was lost in usa due to biofuel rush
5.5 million hectars
119
what % of earths land will shift to a new climate due to a 2c rise
5%
120
amazon rainforest is resposible for what % of total terrestrial vegatation carbon store
17%
121
in 2010 droughts how much co2 was relaesed from amazon basis
8 billion tonnes
122
how many informal jobs provide forests globally
41 million
123
what % of land was forested in 2016
13%
124
how much more acidic out oceans now than 1750
30%
125
how many mass bleaching events have occurred on great barrier reef between 2015 and 2020
3
126
what year was paris climate agreement
2016
127
how many countires agreed to paris agreement
195
128
yamal peninsula enviromental vaule
permafrost is large carbon store
129
yamal peninsula economic value
contains biggest gas resevre on planet 1/4 of gas
130
thretas to yamal peninsula
gazaprom devolpjng area to try extract gas - nemets may not be able to conytinue traditional lifestyle
131
when did artictic treaty come into force
1961
132
what is the madrid proticol
part of antartica treaty prohibites expoltation of resources for 50 years come into force 1998
133
how many nations part of antartic treaty
53 nations
134
what is the aim of the alpine converntion
to balance the needs of 14 million residents and 120 million tourists
135
whos part of alpine convention
alpine countries - e.g austria france switzerland
136
what is zermatt and how many vistotors per year
a more sustainabkle ski resort with 2 million vistors per year
137
what are some of thr things zermatt have done
town is car free, have 6 legally protected forest areas
138
how much more co2 can deep oceans store than surface oceans
10%
139
how much global trade passes through suez canal
12%
140
when was seuz canel blockage
2021
141
what happned in 2013 during storm
uk gas reseveres fell to 6 hours
142
how many pipelines cross ukraine from russia
3 out of 4
143
example of hyderogen fuel cell
toyota devolped car in 2015 with 270 milies range
144
how many jobs will hinkley point c create
25,000
145
how much will hinkley point cost
£18 billion
146
what does carbon capture aim. to do
cut co2 emmisioons by 90%
147
what is a public stakeholder in reducing co2
38 degrees campaign set up in 2009
148
what does winchesters winACC aim
cut carbon footprint by 60% by 2030 and have 15% of energy from local sources
149
example of electric vechile
tesla model 3 best selling car of 2018-19 range of 310 miles
