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physical facts Flashcards

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1
Q

how much of amazon has been destroyed in last 50 years

A

50%

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2
Q

what is the trans amazonian highway

A

connects remote parts of rainforest - 3200km long

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3
Q

how much of worlds rainforest does amazon contain

A

60%

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4
Q

how much of amazon deforested daily

A

2000 football feilds

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5
Q

how much of intercepted returns to atmosphere by EVT comparred to when forest cleared

A

75% compared to 25%

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6
Q

how many nenets does the russian periglacial enviroment support

A

10,000 and over 300,000 reindeer

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7
Q

how deep in permafrost on the yamal peninsula

A

300m

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8
Q

how many tourists visit the lake district each year

A

15.8 million

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9
Q

how much has been spent on the fix the fells project in the lake district

A

£10 million in last 10 years

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10
Q

whats happening to paths in lake district

A

2 m paths becoming 12 m

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11
Q

what happens to resivors in Australia during big dry

A

fell to 40% capacity

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12
Q

how many homes in tewkesbury effected during 2007 floods costing how much

A

48,000 costing council £140,000

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13
Q

how many times did upton flood in 2007

A

6

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14
Q

how many people died in upton from 2007 floods

A

12

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15
Q

how much damage did river severn cause in 2007 floods

A

£6 million

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16
Q

how high did river level rise to in worcrster above normal in 2007 floods

A

4.5 m

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17
Q

how many tourists vistit everst each year

A

100,000

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18
Q

what did the goverment do in nepal

A

compain to clear 10,000kg of trash, each vistitor has to pay $4000 deposit returned if person returns 8kg of trash

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19
Q

how many live elow poverty line in nepal

A

1 in 4

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20
Q

how much would sea levels rise if greenlands ice melted

A

7 meters

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21
Q

how much of greenland is covered in ice

A

80% which is 10% of global ice

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22
Q

how much quicker is greenland losing its ice now than it was in 1990s

A

7 x

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23
Q

how many people live less than 10m above sea levels

A

1 billion

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24
Q

how long is the nile

A

4285 miles

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25
Q

how many people rely on the nile

A

200 million

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26
Q

how many countries does the nile run through

A

11

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27
Q

how much does on Egypt water reliance is from the nile

A

95%

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28
Q

how much water does the average person in the US use per day

A

156 gallons

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29
Q

how much of earths water is fresh

A

3%

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30
Q

between —- and —- the tocantins river showed a what % increase in discharge due to deforesation rates

A

1996 to 1997 25% increase

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31
Q

how much of londons water comes from aquifers

A

40%

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32
Q

when was the drought on the horn of africa

A

July 2001 no proper rain for 2 years

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33
Q

how many people were are risk of famine at horn of africa drought

A

12 million

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34
Q

since 1950 what has california population increased by

A

250%

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35
Q

what dam was announced in 2011

A

grand ethiopia renaissance dam

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36
Q

when did egypt agree to GERD

A

march 2015

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37
Q

how much does desalination cost more than tap water

A

50-100% more

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38
Q

how much does a desanlination plant emit in co2

A

as much as 350 million cars

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39
Q

how many people does desalination provide with clean water in china

A

500,000

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40
Q

how much of world lives in areas recieving 25% of annual rainfall

A

66%

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41
Q

how much water needed to make 1kg of rice

A

2975 l

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42
Q

how many people needed to be relocated due to 3 gorge dam

A

1.3 million

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43
Q

how many will be protected from flooding due to 3 gorge dam

A

100 million

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44
Q

disadvantages of water transfer project in china

A

cost $80 billion, 300,000 displaced

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45
Q

how much energy from hep on 3 gorge dam per year

A

100 billion kwh

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46
Q

impacts of droughts in forest

A

pine trees take 4 years to recover

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47
Q

how many trans boundary water sources lack management

A

158/263

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48
Q

how much fresh water is used in industry

A

20%

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49
Q

who came up with pangaea

A

alfred wegener in 1912

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50
Q

how came up with paleomagnetism

A

harry hess 1962

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51
Q

where do –% of quakes occur

A

70% occur on ring of fire

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52
Q

how many quakes occur on plate margins

A

95%

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53
Q

what was the magnitude of the 2010 christchurch quake and depth

A

6.3 mag, depth of 4km

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54
Q

how many died christchurch quake

A

185

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55
Q

how much did christchurch quake cost

A

$28 billion

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56
Q

speed and temp of pyroclastic flows

A

100km per hour up to 700c

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57
Q

lava flow temps

A

upto 1170c

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58
Q

how many passengers stranded due to eyjafjalljokull erupton

A

10 million

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59
Q

how much did airlines lose due to eyjafjalljokull

A

$1.7 billion

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60
Q

who benefitted from eyjafjalljokull

A

eurostar who saw extra 50,000 passengers

61
Q

impact on glaciers from eyjafjalljokull

A

glacier melting leding to flooding

62
Q

what caused indian ocean tsunami

A

9.1 magnitude earthquake of coast of indoneisa

63
Q

how many people died of indian ocean 2004 tsunami

A

225,000 - lack of warning system meant coastal cities unexpected

64
Q

how much aid given to indian ocean tsumani

A

$14 billion

65
Q

total cost of indian ocea tusnami

A

$9.4 billion

66
Q

how many deaths from haiti

A

230,000

67
Q

Haiti earthquake mgnitude

A

7

68
Q

issue with aid in haiti

A

failed to reach thise who needed it most, and UN soilders introduced cholera outbreak killing 10,000

69
Q

how much was damages of haiti

A

$8.5 billion

70
Q

how many left homeless after Haiti

A

1.5 million

71
Q

japan 2011 earthquake magnitude

A

9 which triggered tsumani with waves 40m high

72
Q

how any victims from japan earthquake over 60

A

66%

73
Q

how many people live coastly in Japan

A

80%

74
Q

how many died from japan earthquake

A

15,853

75
Q

how much did japan earthquake cost

A

£181 billion

76
Q

how much aid given for japan earthquake

A

$1 billion

77
Q

how long did it take to repair motorway in japan quake

A

6 days

78
Q

what does un predict population will be by 2030

A

9 billion

79
Q

what is opec

A

igo set up in 1960

80
Q

how many countries are members of opec

A

14

81
Q

what do opec do

A

aim to create stable income for oil producing countries by controlling prices and they controll 40% of worlds oil supply

82
Q

how many rigs in. Gulf of Mexico

A

63 in 2014

83
Q

how much of earths surface do forest cover and how much is natural

A

30% and 15% natural

84
Q

how much coral reef is being destroyed

A

26km per decade

85
Q

how long does it take for carbon to enter and leave rocks (geological cycle)

A

100,000 years

86
Q

how many tonnes of carbon are stored in uk fossil fuels

A

143 billion tonnes

87
Q

how much co2 was emmited by icelandic volcanic eruptions in 2010

A

150,000 to 300,000 tonnes per day

88
Q

how % did the icelandic eruption contribute to global ghg emmisions in 2010

A

0.3%

89
Q

how much energy does carbon produce world wide

A

30%

90
Q

how much carbon do humans emit annually

A

35 GT

91
Q

what % of carbon containing rock is from corals and plankton

A

80%

92
Q

how much co2 does phytoplankton sequester to deep ocean

A

2 billion tonnes per year

93
Q

how much larger is the ocean as a carbon store than the atmosphere

A

50x

94
Q

how much carbon in onceans stored as plants algea and coral

A

93%

95
Q

what has co2 concententraions risen by in last decade

A

from 25% to 39%

96
Q

by end of century what is earths temp expected to rise by

A

4 c

97
Q

a rise of 1.5c puts how many species at risk of extinctiobn

A

20-30%

98
Q

how much of global carbon stored in soil

A

20-30%

99
Q

since 18– how much carbon has been lost from soil due to cultivation and disterbance

A

1850, 40-90 billion tonnes

100
Q

how much carbon does peatlands store

A

550gt twice as much as forest biomass

101
Q

what % of fossil fuels account for worlds energy mix

A

86%

102
Q

what % of worlds energy is consumed in cities

A

75%

103
Q

how much less is frances energy consumption to usa

A

1/10

104
Q

how much of usa energy is fossils fuels

A

80%

105
Q

how much of usa energy is renewables

A

10%

106
Q

how much energy does usa import

A

15%

107
Q

how much of Frances energy is fossil fuels

A

50%

108
Q

how much of Frances energy is renewable

A

10%

109
Q

how much of Frances energy is nuclear

A

40%

110
Q

in 2019 how much did % of energy from coal drop by

A

3%

111
Q

how much os there gas does gazaprom export to europe

A

80%

112
Q

how much worlds oil is transported by tankers on ships

A

50%

113
Q

what % of tar sands does canada have

A

73%

114
Q

how much of uk energy will hinkley point c provide

A

7%

115
Q

what % of temperate forests were detroyed by 19th century

A

90%

116
Q

how much deforestation is from soy palm oil beef

A

50%

117
Q

when did the biofuel rush occure in midland america

A

2007- 2015

118
Q

how much grassland was lost in usa due to biofuel rush

A

5.5 million hectars

119
Q

what % of earths land will shift to a new climate due to a 2c rise

A

5%

120
Q

amazon rainforest is resposible for what % of total terrestrial vegatation carbon store

A

17%

121
Q

in 2010 droughts how much co2 was relaesed from amazon basis

A

8 billion tonnes

122
Q

how many informal jobs provide forests globally

A

41 million

123
Q

what % of land was forested in 2016

A

13%

124
Q

how much more acidic out oceans now than 1750

A

30%

125
Q

how many mass bleaching events have occurred on great barrier reef between 2015 and 2020

A

3

126
Q

what year was paris climate agreement

A

2016

127
Q

how many countires agreed to paris agreement

A

195

128
Q

yamal peninsula enviromental vaule

A

permafrost is large carbon store

129
Q

yamal peninsula economic value

A

contains biggest gas resevre on planet 1/4 of gas

130
Q

thretas to yamal peninsula

A

gazaprom devolpjng area to try extract gas - nemets may not be able to conytinue traditional lifestyle

131
Q

when did artictic treaty come into force

A

1961

132
Q

what is the madrid proticol

A

part of antartica treaty prohibites expoltation of resources for 50 years come into force 1998

133
Q

how many nations part of antartic treaty

A

53 nations

134
Q

what is the aim of the alpine converntion

A

to balance the needs of 14 million residents and 120 million tourists

135
Q

whos part of alpine convention

A

alpine countries - e.g austria france switzerland

136
Q

what is zermatt and how many vistotors per year

A

a more sustainabkle ski resort with 2 million vistors per year

137
Q

what are some of thr things zermatt have done

A

town is car free, have 6 legally protected forest areas

138
Q

how much more co2 can deep oceans store than surface oceans

A

10%

139
Q

how much global trade passes through suez canal

A

12%

140
Q

when was seuz canel blockage

A

2021

141
Q

what happned in 2013 during storm

A

uk gas reseveres fell to 6 hours

142
Q

how many pipelines cross ukraine from russia

A

3 out of 4

143
Q

example of hyderogen fuel cell

A

toyota devolped car in 2015 with 270 milies range

144
Q

how many jobs will hinkley point c create

A

25,000

145
Q

how much will hinkley point cost

A

£18 billion

146
Q

what does carbon capture aim. to do

A

cut co2 emmisioons by 90%

147
Q

what is a public stakeholder in reducing co2

A

38 degrees campaign set up in 2009

148
Q

what does winchesters winACC aim

A

cut carbon footprint by 60% by 2030 and have 15% of energy from local sources

149
Q

example of electric vechile

A

tesla model 3 best selling car of 2018-19 range of 310 miles

geography facts (2 decks)

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