Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Step 2 CS > Physical exams > Flashcards

Physical exams Flashcards

1
Q

McMurray test

A

knee is held by one hand, which is placed along the joint line, and flexed to complete flexion while the foot is held by the sole of the foot with the other hand. The examiner then places one hand on the medial side of the knee to pull the knee towards varus position,[2] pulling the knee laterally (bow legged). The other hand rotates the leg internally while extending the knee.[3] If pain or a “click” is felt, this constitutes a “positive McMurray test” for a tear in the lateral meniscus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Lachman test

A

See online

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

anterior and posterior drawer test

A

see online

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

knee exam

A

Anterior and posterior drawer tests
Lachman Test
McMurray test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

normal JVP

A

6-8cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

pulses grading

A

0 - absent
1 - weak/thready
2 - normal
3 - full, firm pulse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

reflexes grading

A 
1+ = slow
2+ = normal
3+ = very brisk
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

appendicitis exam

A

psoas sign
obturator sign
Mcburney’s point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

headache exam

A

Vital signs; inspection and palpation of entire head; ENT inspection; complete neurologic exam, including funduscopic exam.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

confusion exam

A

Vital signs; complete neurologic exam, including mini-mental status exam and gait;

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

loss of vision history

A

Acute vs. chronic, progression, ability to see light; associated symptoms (eye pain, discharge, itching, tearing, photophobia, redness, headache, weakness, numbness, floaters, sparks); history of cardiac, rheumatic, thrombotic, autoimmune, or neurologic disorders; jaw claudication, medications, trauma.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

depressed mood exam

A

documentation of appearance, behavior, speech, mood, affect, thought process, thought content, cognition (measured by the 30-point mini-mental status exam), insight, and judgment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

weber test

A

In an affected patient, if the defective ear hears the Weber tuning fork louder, the finding indicates a conductive hearing loss in the defective ear. In an affected patient, if the normal ear hears the tuning fork sound better, there is sensorineural hearing loss on the other (defective) ear.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

chest pain exam

A

complete cardiovascular exam (JVD, PMI, chest wall tenderness, heart sounds, pulses, edema); lung and abdominal exams; lower extremity exam (inspection for signs of DVT).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

hypothyroid symptoms

A

weight gain
constipation
skin changes
hair changes
nail changes
slow mental activity with poor memory(1), slow physical activity
apathy
weakness, lethargy, fatigue(1)
muscle weakness(1), muscle cramps, arthralgias
cold intolerance(1) (may also have heat intolerance due to impaired sweating)
constipation(1)
weight gain(1) (usually < 10% of total body weight) despite decreased appetite (although some patients have weight loss due to anorexia)
dry coarse skin (ichthyosis) and hair loss
menstrual irregularities (menorrhagia, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, infertility)(1, 7)
rarely voice changes such as hoarse voice (laryngeal myxedema)(7), slow speech
hearing loss(1) (middle ear myxedema)
decreased libido

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

chest pain physical exam

A
  • palpate chest wall for reproducible tenderness
  • look and palpate for apical impulse
  • auscultation
  • inspect for symmetrical expansion
  • tacile vocal fremitus
  • percussion
  • auscultation
  • inspect for JVD
  • peripheral pulses
  • calves for swelling, tenderness
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

how to inspect visual acuity

A

Ask patient to cover left eye and read smallest possible line on chart. Check both eyes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

rinne test

A

place vibrating tuning fork on mastoid process. when patient no longer hears it, move to external ear and determine if patient can still hear the vibration.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

how to assess for lymphadenopathy

A

Use three middle fingers and palpate in a circular motion.

20
Q

thyroid exam

A 
skin
hair 
reflex
myxedema
tremor
21
Q

auscultating for carotid bruits

A

Use bell or diaphragm and auscultate just lateral to Adam’s apple

22
Q

Tinel’s sign

A

Lightly tap over center of wrist, ask patient if he-she feels any tingling sensation.

23
Q

Phalen’s sign

A

30 seconds, ask pt if he-she feels any numbness-tingling

24
Q

mental status exam

A

Orientation
Concentration
Memory

25
Q

how to assess concentration

A

ask patient to spell world backwards

26
Q

Cranial nerve exam

A

kaplan page 73

27
Q

biceps reflex testing

A
  • patient’s arm should be partially flexed at elbow with palm down
  • place thumb or finger over biceps tendon
28
Q

triceps reflex testing

A

flex patient’s arm at elbow and pull it slightly across the chest
- strike the triceps tendon above the elbow

29
Q

achilles reflex

A

dorsiflex foot at ankle, strike achilles tendon

30
Q

sensation testing

A

crude touch – tell patient to close eyes, tell me when you feel my hand
position – use big toe, ask pt to close eyes, and report whether toe is up or down
vibration – use first metatarsal joint of each foot

31
Q

kernig sign

A

with patient lying supine flex a knee, extend the leg on the thigh, positive test is flexion of the neck as you extend the leg

32
Q

brudzinski sign

A

gently flexing the neck results in flexion of both knees

33
Q

assessing tactile fremitus

A

put palms of fingers on chest wall and have patient repeat “99”

34
Q

how to percuss chest wall

A

Lay nondominant hand over left lung apex; apply pressure and using dominant middle finger, tap on middle finger of nondominant hand

35
Q

pulmonary auscultation

A

6 regions on back

4 on front

36
Q

how to examine for JVD

A

Place table at a 30 degree angle, turn head to left, shine a light source obliquely over area of EJ on right side

37
Q

assessing for hepatomegaly

A

ask patient to take a deep breath, palpate inferior to costal margins

38
Q

where to listen for abdominal aorta bruit (concern for partial rupture of AAA)

A

xyphoid process to superior and left of umbilicus

39
Q

how to start off physical exam

A

always include general appearance (NAD)

40
Q

vitals format

A
  • write WNL if all normal

- include height and weight if relevant

41
Q

thyroid documentation

A

Nontender, NL size, no nodules, trachea midline.

42
Q

normal CV exam documentation

A

RRR, apical impulse not displaced, no RMG, no JVD, clubbing, or edema. No carotid artery bruits. Peripheral arterial pulses palpable in lower limbs.

43
Q

abdominal exam documentation

A

ABD: symmetric appearance, BS present, no bruits heard, no HSM, no abdominal mass, no tenderness.

44
Q

neurologic exam documentaton

A

AOx3, CN2-12 intact. Sensation to light touch, position sense, and vibration sense intact in all 4 extremities. Coordination intact. No dysmetria or dysdiaochokinesia. Motor 5-5, DTR 2-4, B-L all 4 ext. Gait WNL.

45
Q

psych exam documentation

A

Patient appears well-groomed, alert and oriented to person, place, and time, speech fluid and goal-directed, recent and remote memory intact, attention and concentration unimpaired, mood euthymic, affect c-w mood; no abnormal perceptions: hallucinations, delusions, or paranoia; no suicidal-homicidal ideation or intact.

46
Q

diagnostic workup for liver concern

A

AST-ALT, not LFTs

47
Q

LIQOR-AAA for pain

A 
Location
Intensity
Quality
Onset
Radiation
Associations
Aggravating factors
Alleviating factors

Step 2 CS (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions